Articles | Volume 29, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2599-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2599-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
19 Jun 2025
Research article |
| 19 Jun 2025
| 19 Jun 2025
Does peatland rewetting mitigate flooding from extreme rainfall events?
Shirin Karimi
Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
Virginia Mosquera
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
Eliza Maher Hasselquist
Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
Järvi Järveoja
Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
Hjalmar Laudon
Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
Related authors
No articles found.
John Marshall, Jose Gutierrez-Lopez, Daniel Metcalfe, Nataliia Kozii, and Hjalmar Laudon
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3328, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3328, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (HESS).
Short summary
Short summary
The "two water-worlds hypothesis" has attracted significant public attention because it is an accessible way to describe the partitioning of water sources within catchments. This manuscript adds a new degree of complexity to that idea by recognizing that co-occurring tree species, which root at different depths, also use different water sources. So it leads to at least three water worlds.
Cong Jiang, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Songjun Wu, Christian Birkel, Hjalmar Laudon, and Chris Soulsby
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2533, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2533, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Hydrology and Earth System Sciences (HESS).
Short summary
Short summary
We used a modelling approach supported by stable water isotopes to explore how forest management – such as conifer, broadleaf, and mixed tree–crop systems – affects water distribution and drought resilience in a drought-sensitive region of Germany. By representing forest type, density, and rooting depth, the model helps quantify and show how land use choices affect water availability and supports better land and water management decisions.
Tejshree Tiwari and Hjalmar Laudon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-337, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-337, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
Short summary
Short summary
A 40-year hydro-climatic time series from the Krycklan catchment revealed warmer winters associated with higher baseflow and lower summer baseflow. Climate index models suggest that while warmer winters enhance baseflow, they reduce water reserves necessary for summer baseflow. This was supported by an increasing winter precipitation isotope signal in winter baseflow, contrasted with a decreasing isotope signal in summer baseflow.
Anna Lupon, Stefan Willem Ploum, Jason Andrew Leach, Lenka Kuglerová, and Hjalmar Laudon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 613–625, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-613-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-613-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Discrete riparian inflow points (DRIPs) transport dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from large areas to discrete sections of streams, yet the mechanisms by which DRIPs affect stream DOC concentration, cycling, and export are still unknown. Here, we tested four models that account for different hydrologic and biological representations to show that DRIPs generally reduce DOC exports by either diluting stream DOC (snowmelt period) or promoting aquatic metabolism (summer).
Anneli M. Ågren, Eliza Maher Hasselquist, Johan Stendahl, Mats B. Nilsson, and Siddhartho S. Paul
SOIL, 8, 733–749, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-733-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-733-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Historically, many peatlands in the boreal region have been drained for timber production. Given the prospects of a drier future due to climate change, wetland restorations are now increasing. Better maps hold the key to insights into restoration targets and land-use management policies, and maps are often the number one decision-support tool. We use an AI-developed soil moisture map based on laser scanning data to illustrate how the mapping of peatlands can be improved across an entire nation.
Johannes Larson, William Lidberg, Anneli M. Ågren, and Hjalmar Laudon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 4837–4851, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4837-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4837-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Terrain indices constitute a good candidate for modelling the spatial variation of soil moisture conditions in many landscapes. In this study, we evaluate nine terrain indices on varying DEM resolution and user-defined thresholds with validation using an extensive field soil moisture class inventory. We demonstrate the importance of field validation for selecting the appropriate DEM resolution and user-defined thresholds and that failing to do so can result in ambiguous and incorrect results.
Anna-Maria Virkkala, Susan M. Natali, Brendan M. Rogers, Jennifer D. Watts, Kathleen Savage, Sara June Connon, Marguerite Mauritz, Edward A. G. Schuur, Darcy Peter, Christina Minions, Julia Nojeim, Roisin Commane, Craig A. Emmerton, Mathias Goeckede, Manuel Helbig, David Holl, Hiroki Iwata, Hideki Kobayashi, Pasi Kolari, Efrén López-Blanco, Maija E. Marushchak, Mikhail Mastepanov, Lutz Merbold, Frans-Jan W. Parmentier, Matthias Peichl, Torsten Sachs, Oliver Sonnentag, Masahito Ueyama, Carolina Voigt, Mika Aurela, Julia Boike, Gerardo Celis, Namyi Chae, Torben R. Christensen, M. Syndonia Bret-Harte, Sigrid Dengel, Han Dolman, Colin W. Edgar, Bo Elberling, Eugenie Euskirchen, Achim Grelle, Juha Hatakka, Elyn Humphreys, Järvi Järveoja, Ayumi Kotani, Lars Kutzbach, Tuomas Laurila, Annalea Lohila, Ivan Mammarella, Yojiro Matsuura, Gesa Meyer, Mats B. Nilsson, Steven F. Oberbauer, Sang-Jong Park, Roman Petrov, Anatoly S. Prokushkin, Christopher Schulze, Vincent L. St. Louis, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, William Quinton, Andrej Varlagin, Donatella Zona, and Viacheslav I. Zyryanov
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 179–208, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-179-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-179-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The effects of climate warming on carbon cycling across the Arctic–boreal zone (ABZ) remain poorly understood due to the relatively limited distribution of ABZ flux sites. Fortunately, this flux network is constantly increasing, but new measurements are published in various platforms, making it challenging to understand the ABZ carbon cycle as a whole. Here, we compiled a new database of Arctic–boreal CO2 fluxes to help facilitate large-scale assessments of the ABZ carbon cycle.
Conrad Jackisch, Sibylle K. Hassler, Tobias L. Hohenbrink, Theresa Blume, Hjalmar Laudon, Hilary McMillan, Patricia Saco, and Loes van Schaik
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5277–5285, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5277-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5277-2021, 2021
Elin Jutebring Sterte, Fredrik Lidman, Emma Lindborg, Ylva Sjöberg, and Hjalmar Laudon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2133–2158, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2133-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2133-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A numerical model was used to estimate annual and seasonal mean travel times across 14 long-term nested monitored catchments in the boreal region. The estimated travel times and young water fractions were consistent with observed variations of base cation concentration and stable water isotopes, δ18O. Soil type was the most important factor regulating the variation in mean travel times among sub-catchments, while the areal coverage of mires increased the young water fraction.
Nataliia Kozii, Kersti Haahti, Pantana Tor-ngern, Jinshu Chi, Eliza Maher Hasselquist, Hjalmar Laudon, Samuli Launiainen, Ram Oren, Matthias Peichl, Jörgen Wallerman, and Niles J. Hasselquist
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2999–3014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2999-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2999-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The hydrologic cycle is one of the greatest natural processes on Earth and strongly influences both regional and global climate as well as ecosystem functioning. Results from this study clearly show the central role trees play in regulating the water cycle of boreal catchments, implying that forest management impacts on stand structure as well as climate change effects on tree growth are likely to have large cascading effects on the way water moves through boreal forested landscapes.
Stefan W. Ploum, Hjalmar Laudon, Andrés Peralta-Tapia, and Lenka Kuglerová
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1709–1720, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1709-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1709-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Near-stream areas, or riparian zones, are important for the health of streams and rivers. If these areas are disturbed by forestry or other anthropogenic activity, the water quality and all life in streams may be at risk. We examined which riparian areas are particularly sensitive. We found that only a few wet areas bring most of the rainwater from the landscape to the stream, and they have a unique water quality. In order to maintain healthy streams and rivers, these areas should be protected.
Aaron Smith, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Hjalmar Laudon, Marco Maneta, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3319–3334, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3319-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3319-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We adapted and used a spatially distributed eco-hydrological model, EcH2O-iso, to temporally evaluate the influence of soil freeze–thaw dynamics on evaporation and transpiration fluxes in a northern Swedish catchment. We used multi-criterion calibration over multiple years and found an early-season influence of soil frost on transpiration water ages. This work provides a framework for quantifying the current and future interactions of soil water, evaporation, and transpiration.
Marcus Klaus, Erik Geibrink, Anders Jonsson, Ann-Kristin Bergström, David Bastviken, Hjalmar Laudon, Jonatan Klaminder, and Jan Karlsson
Biogeosciences, 15, 5575–5594, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5575-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5575-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Forest management is widely used to mitigate climate change. However, forest greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets neglect to consider that clear-cuts often release carbon and nitrogen into streams and lakes and may affect aquatic GHG emissions. Here, we show that such emissions remain unaffected by experimental boreal forest clear-cutting despite increased groundwater carbon dioxide and methane concentrations, highlighting that riparian zones or in-stream processes may have buffered clear-cut leachates.
Matthias Sprenger, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Jim Buttle, Hjalmar Laudon, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 3965–3981, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-3965-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-3965-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We estimated water ages in the upper critical zone with a soil physical model (SWIS) and found that the age of water stored in the soil, as well as of water leaving the soil via evaporation, transpiration, or recharge, was younger the higher soil water storage (inverse storage effect). Travel times of transpiration and evaporation were different. We conceptualized the subsurface into fast and slow flow domains and the water was usually half as young in the fast as in the slow flow domain.
Martin Berggren, Marcus Klaus, Balathandayuthabani Panneer Selvam, Lena Ström, Hjalmar Laudon, Mats Jansson, and Jan Karlsson
Biogeosciences, 15, 457–470, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-457-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-457-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The quality of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), especially its color, is a defining feature of freshwater ecosystems. We found that colored DOC fractions are surprisingly resistant to natural degradation during water transit through many brown-water lakes. This is explained by the dominance of microbial processes that appear to selectively remove noncolored DOC. However, in lakes where sunlight degradation plays a relatively larger role, significant DOC bleaching occurs.
Fernando Jaramillo, Neil Cory, Berit Arheimer, Hjalmar Laudon, Ype van der Velde, Thomas B. Hasper, Claudia Teutschbein, and Johan Uddling
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 567–580, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-567-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-567-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Which is the dominant effect on evapotranspiration in northern forests, an increase by recent forests expansion or a decrease by the water use response due to increasing CO2 concentrations? We determined the dominant effect during the period 1961–2012 in 65 Swedish basins. We used the Budyko framework to study the hydroclimatic movements in Budyko space. Our findings suggest that forest expansion is the dominant driver of long-term and large-scale evapotranspiration changes.
Pertti Ala-aho, Doerthe Tetzlaff, James P. McNamara, Hjalmar Laudon, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 5089–5110, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5089-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5089-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We used the Spatially Distributed Tracer-Aided Rainfall-Runoff model (STARR) to simulate streamflows, stable water isotope ratios, snowpack dynamics, and water ages in three snow-influenced experimental catchments with exceptionally long and rich datasets. Our simulations reproduced the hydrological observations in all three catchments, suggested contrasting stream water age distributions between catchments, and demonstrated the importance of snow isotope processes in tracer-aided modelling.
Fredrik Lidman, Åsa Boily, Hjalmar Laudon, and Stephan J. Köhler
Biogeosciences, 14, 3001–3014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3001-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3001-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The riparian zone is the narrow strip of land that lines a watercourse. This is the last soil that the groundwater is in contact with before it enters the stream and it therefore has a high impact on the water quality. In this paper we show that many elements occur in elevated concentrations in the peat-like riparian zone of boreal headwaters and that this also leads to elevated concentrations in the streams. Hence, understanding riparian soils is crucial for a sustainable management of streams.
Tobias Lindborg, Johan Rydberg, Mats Tröjbom, Sten Berglund, Emma Johansson, Anders Löfgren, Peter Saetre, Sara Nordén, Gustav Sohlenius, Eva Andersson, Johannes Petrone, Micke Borgiel, Ulrik Kautsky, and Hjalmar Laudon
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 439–459, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-439-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-439-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a biogeochemical and ecological data set from the Kangerlussuaq region, western Greenland. The data set is used to conceptualize and model terrestrial and limnic ecosystems as well as the land–lake linkage. Both biotic and abiotic data is presented and will be used for biogeochemical mass-balance and transport calculations. The data set constitutes an important source in order to understand and describe accumulation and flow of matter within periglacial landscapes.
Stephen Oni, Martyn Futter, Jose Ledesma, Claudia Teutschbein, Jim Buttle, and Hjalmar Laudon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2811–2825, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2811-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2811-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents an important framework to improve hydrologic projections in cold regions. Hydrologic modelling/projections are often based on model calibration to long-term data. Here we used dry and wet years as a proxy to quantify uncertainty in projecting hydrologic extremes. We showed that projections based on long-term data could underestimate runoff by up to 35% in boreal regions. We believe the hydrologic modelling community will benefit from new insights derived from this study.
Järvi Järveoja, Matthias Peichl, Martin Maddison, Kaido Soosaar, Kai Vellak, Edgar Karofeld, Alar Teemusk, and Ülo Mander
Biogeosciences, 13, 2637–2651, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2637-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2637-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Restoration is suggested as a strategy to reduce the large greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from abandoned peat extraction areas. This study investigated GHG fluxes in restored sites with high and low water table level in comparison to a bare peat area. The results show that on the annual scale, both restored sites acted as similar GHG sources 3 years after restoration. However, their net GHG emissions were only half of those from the bare peat area, indicating considerable mitigation potential.
J. Schelker, R. Sponseller, E. Ring, L. Högbom, S. Löfgren, and H. Laudon
Biogeosciences, 13, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The scientific question that is addressed in this study is how forest disturbance affects organic and inorganic nitrogen export from a boreal landscape. The key findings are that the mobilization of inorganic nitrogen from the terrestrial environment to streams increased strongly as a response to harvesting, but the stream network removed a major fraction of this load before it reached the outlet, while organic nitrogen was not removed and transported downstream.
M. Haei and H. Laudon
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-15763-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-15763-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted
F. I. Leith, K. J. Dinsmore, M. B. Wallin, M. F. Billett, K. V. Heal, H. Laudon, M. G. Öquist, and K. Bishop
Biogeosciences, 12, 1881–1892, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1881-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1881-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon dioxide transport between the terrestrial and aquatic systems was dominated by export from the near-stream riparian zone. Over the year, riparian export was highest during autumn storms and the spring snowmelt event. This resulted in high downstream export during these periods with vertical evasion from the stream surface accounting for 60% of the total stream water export, highlighting the importance of evasion to carbon export via the aquatic conduit.
T. Leppelt, R. Dechow, S. Gebbert, A. Freibauer, A. Lohila, J. Augustin, M. Drösler, S. Fiedler, S. Glatzel, H. Höper, J. Järveoja, P. E. Lærke, M. Maljanen, Ü. Mander, P. Mäkiranta, K. Minkkinen, P. Ojanen, K. Regina, and M. Strömgren
Biogeosciences, 11, 6595–6612, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6595-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-6595-2014, 2014
H. Zarei, A. M. Akhondali, H. Mohammadzadeh, F. Radmanesh, and H. Laudon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-3787-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-3787-2014, 2014
Manuscript not accepted for further review
A. M. Ågren, I. Buffam, D. M. Cooper, T. Tiwari, C. D. Evans, and H. Laudon
Biogeosciences, 11, 1199–1213, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1199-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1199-2014, 2014
E. Bosson, T. Lindborg, S. Berglund, L.-G. Gustafsson, J.-O. Selroos, H. Laudon, L. L. Claesson, and G. Destouni
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-9271-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-9271-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript not accepted
J. L. J. Ledesma, T. Grabs, M. N. Futter, K. H. Bishop, H. Laudon, and S. J. Köhler
Biogeosciences, 10, 3849–3868, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3849-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3849-2013, 2013
S. K. Oni, M. N. Futter, K. Bishop, S. J. Köhler, M. Ottosson-Löfvenius, and H. Laudon
Biogeosciences, 10, 2315–2330, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2315-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2315-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Water Resources Management | Techniques and Approaches: Instruments and observation techniques
Droughts and Media: when and what do the newspapers talk about the droughts in England?
Phosphorus supply and floodplain design govern phosphorus reduction capacity in remediated agricultural streams
Transpiration rates from mature Eucalyptus grandis × E. nitens clonal hybrid and Pinus elliottii plantations near the Two Streams Research Catchment, South Africa
Phenophase-based comparison of field observations to satellite-based actual evaporation estimates of a natural woodland: miombo woodland, southern Africa
Patterns and drivers of water quality changes associated with dams in the Tropical Andes
δ13C, CO2 ∕ 3He and 3He ∕ 4He ratios reveal the presence of mantle gas in the CO2-rich groundwaters of the Ardennes massif (Spa, Belgium)
Advances in the hydraulic interpretation of water wells using flowmeter logs
Continuous monitoring of a soil aquifer treatment system's physico-chemical conditions to optimize operational performance
Building a methodological framework and toolkit for news media dataset tracking of conflict and cooperation dynamics on transboundary rivers
Investigating the environmental response to water harvesting structures: a field study in Tanzania
The importance of city trees for reducing net rainfall: comparing measurements and simulations
Small-scale characterization of vine plant root water uptake via 3-D electrical resistivity tomography and mise-à-la-masse method
Hydrogeological controls on spatial patterns of groundwater discharge in peatlands
Monitoring surface water quality using social media in the context of citizen science
Using crowdsourced web content for informing water systems operations in snow-dominated catchments
Learning about water resource sharing through game play
High-resolution monitoring of nutrients in groundwater and surface waters: process understanding, quantification of loads and concentrations, and management applications
Contrasting watershed-scale trends in runoff and sediment yield complicate rangeland water resources planning
The use of semi-structured interviews for the characterisation of farmer irrigation practices
High-frequency monitoring of water fluxes and nutrient loads to assess the effects of controlled drainage on water storage and nutrient transport
Investigating suspended sediment dynamics in contrasting agricultural catchments using ex situ turbidity-based suspended sediment monitoring
Vulnerability of groundwater resources to interaction with river water in a boreal catchment
Drivers of spatial and temporal variability of streamflow in the Incomati River basin
Using high-resolution phosphorus data to investigate mitigation measures in headwater river catchments
Comparison of sampling methodologies for nutrient monitoring in streams: uncertainties, costs and implications for mitigation
Geophysical methods to support correct water sampling locations for salt dilution gauging
Water management simulation games and the construction of knowledge
Tracing the spatial propagation of river inlet water into an agricultural polder area using anthropogenic gadolinium
Transboundary geophysical mapping of geological elements and salinity distribution critical for the assessment of future sea water intrusion in response to sea level rise
Potentials and limits of urban rainwater harvesting in the Middle East
Hydrologic feasibility of artificial forestation in the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China
Hydraulic analysis of river training cross-vanes as part of post-restoration monitoring
Modern comprehensive approach to monitor the morphodynamic evolution of a restored river corridor
The effect of physical water quality and water level changes on the occurrence and density of Anopheles mosquito larvae around the shoreline of the Koka reservoir, central Ethiopia
Space-time variability of hydrological drought and wetness in Iran using NCEP/NCAR and GPCC datasets
Relative impacts of key drivers on the response of the water table to a major alley farming experiment
Inhye Kong, Jan Seibert, and Ross S. Purves
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1844, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1844, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores the timing and content of media coverage (i.e., newspaper articles) of droughts in England. We found that media coverage generally coincides with meteorological drought, but the inverse case did not always generate media coverage. Dominant topics include the water deficiency and weather forecasts, but also the mismanagement of water companies and hosepipe bans, highlighting current challenges in water management practices in England.
Lukas Hallberg, Faruk Djodjic, and Magdalena Bieroza
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 341–355, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-341-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-341-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Floodplains can be constructed along agricultural streams with the purpose of increasing water residence time, thereby reducing instream erosion and intercepting nutrient export. In this paper we show how this remediation measure can reduce phosphorus concentrations by up to 30 % through optimized floodplain designs and placement. These reductions were primarily facilitated by protection against erosion rather than by the promotion of deposition on floodplains.
Nkosinathi David Kaptein, Colin S. Everson, Alistair David Clulow, Michele Lynn Toucher, and Ilaria Germishuizen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 4467–4484, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4467-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4467-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Water-use studies comparing pine and Eucalyptus are limited. This study used internationally recognized methods to measure water use by Eucalyptus and pine over two seasons. Results showed that, over one season, pine used more water than Eucalyptus, which was contrary to previous long-term studies. However, the Eucalyptus site was found to be water stressed. This study concluded that the observed water stress and reduced transpiration rates must be included in hydrological models.
Henry Zimba, Miriam Coenders-Gerrits, Kawawa Banda, Bart Schilperoort, Nick van de Giesen, Imasiku Nyambe, and Hubert H. G. Savenije
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1695–1722, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1695-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1695-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Miombo woodland plants continue to lose water even during the driest part of the year. This appears to be facilitated by the adapted features such as deep rooting (beyond 5 m) with access to deep soil moisture, potentially even ground water. It appears the trend and amount of water that the plants lose is correlated more to the available energy. This loss of water in the dry season by miombo woodland plants appears to be incorrectly captured by satellite-based evaporation estimates.
R. Scott Winton, Silvia López-Casas, Daniel Valencia-Rodríguez, Camilo Bernal-Forero, Juliana Delgado, Bernhard Wehrli, and Luz Jiménez-Segura
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1493–1505, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1493-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1493-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Dams are an important and rapidly growing means of energy generation in the Tropical Andes of South America. To assess the impacts of dams in the region, we assessed differences in the upstream and downstream water quality of all hydropower dams in Colombia. We found evidence of substantial dam-induced changes in water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration and suspended sediments. Dam-induced changes in Colombian waters violate regulations and are likely impacting aquatic life.
Agathe Defourny, Pierre-Henri Blard, Laurent Zimmermann, Patrick Jobé, Arnaud Collignon, Frédéric Nguyen, and Alain Dassargues
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2637–2648, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2637-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2637-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Belgian city of Spa is known worldwide for its ferruginous and naturally sparkling groundwater springs that gave their name to the bathing tradition commonly called
spa. However, the origin of the dissolved CO2 they contain was still a matter of debate. Thanks to new analysis on groundwater samples, particularly carbon and helium isotopes together with dissolved gases, this study has demonstrated that the volcanic origin of the CO2 is presumably from the neighboring Eifel volcanic fields.
Jesús Díaz-Curiel, Bárbara Biosca, Lucía Arévalo-Lomas, María Jesús Miguel, and Natalia Caparrini
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2617–2636, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2617-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2617-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A methodology is developed for a new hydraulic characterization of continental hydrological basins. For this purpose, the division of wells into flow stretches with different hydraulic behaviour is made according to the results of the flowmeter, supposing that the hypothesis hydraulic heads of the deepest flow stretches of the well do not necessarily match the head shown by the overall well.
Tuvia Turkeltaub, Alex Furman, Ron Mannheim, and Noam Weisbrod
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1565–1578, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1565-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1565-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The quality control and optimization of soil aquifer treatment (SAT) performance is challenging due to the multiple factors and costs involved. We installed in situ subsurface monitoring sensors that provided continuous high-resolution monitoring of the biochemical and physical conditions of an active SAT system. Data analysis facilitated the determination of the optimal drying and wetting stages, which are critical for suitable SAT management.
Liying Guo, Jing Wei, Keer Zhang, Jiale Wang, and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1165–1185, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1165-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1165-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Data support is crucial for the research of conflict and cooperation on transboundary rivers. Conventional, manual constructions of datasets cannot meet the requirements for fast updates in the big data era. This study brings up a revised methodological framework, based on the conventional method, and a toolkit for the news media dataset tracking of conflict and cooperation dynamics on transboundary rivers. A dataset with good tradeoffs between data relevance and coverage is generated.
Jessica A. Eisma and Venkatesh M. Merwade
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1891–1906, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1891-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1891-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Sand dams capture and store water for use during the dry season in rural communities. A year long field study of three sand dams in Tanzania showed that sand dams are not a suitable habitat for aquatic insects. They capture plenty of water, but most is evaporated during the first few months of the dry season. Sand dams positively impact vegetation and minimally impact erosion. Community water security can be increased by sand dams, but site characteristics and construction are important factors.
Vincent Smets, Charlotte Wirion, Willy Bauwens, Martin Hermy, Ben Somers, and Boud Verbeiren
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3865–3884, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3865-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3865-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The impact of city trees for intercepting rainfall is quantified using measurements and modeling tools. The measurements show that an important amount of rainfall is intercepted, limiting the amount of water reaching the ground. Models are used to extrapolate the measurement results. The performance of two specialized interception models and one water balance model is evaluated. Our results show that the performance of the water balance model is similar to the specialized interception models.
Benjamin Mary, Luca Peruzzo, Jacopo Boaga, Myriam Schmutz, Yuxin Wu, Susan S. Hubbard, and Giorgio Cassiani
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 5427–5444, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5427-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5427-2018, 2018
Danielle K. Hare, David F. Boutt, William P. Clement, Christine E. Hatch, Glorianna Davenport, and Alex Hackman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 6031–6048, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6031-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6031-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This research examines what processes drive the location and strength of groundwater springs within a peatland environment. Using temperature and geophysical methods, we demonstrate that the relationship between regional groundwater flow gradients and the basin shape below the peatland surface control where groundwater springs occur. Understanding this relationship will support effective restoration efforts, as groundwater spring locations are important to overall peatland function and ecology.
Hang Zheng, Yang Hong, Di Long, and Hua Jing
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 949–961, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-949-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-949-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Do you feel angry if the river in your living place is polluted by industries? Do you want to do something to save your environment? Just log in to http://www.thuhjjc.com and use the Tsinghua Environment Monitoring Platform (TEMP) to photograph the water pollution actives and make your report. This study established a social media platform to monitor and report surface water quality. The effectiveness of the platform was demonstrated by the 324 water quality reports across 30 provinces in China.
Matteo Giuliani, Andrea Castelletti, Roman Fedorov, and Piero Fraternali
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 5049–5062, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-5049-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-5049-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The unprecedented availability of user-generated data on the Web is opening new opportunities for enhancing real-time monitoring and modeling of environmental systems based on data that are public, low-cost, and spatiotemporally dense. In this paper, we contribute a novel crowdsourcing procedure for extracting snow-related information from public web images. The value of the obtained virtual snow indexes is assessed for a real-world water management problem.
Tracy Ewen and Jan Seibert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 4079–4091, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4079-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4079-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Games are an optimal way to teach about water resource sharing, as they allow real-world scenarios to be explored. We look at how games can be used to teach about water resource sharing, by both playing and developing water games. An evaluation of the web-based game Irrigania found Irrigania to be an effective and easy tool to incorporate into curriculum, and a course on developing water games encouraged students to think about water resource sharing in a more critical and insightful way.
Frans C. van Geer, Brian Kronvang, and Hans Peter Broers
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3619–3629, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3619-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3619-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The paper includes a review of the current state of high-frequency monitoring in groundwater and surface waters as an outcome of a special issue of HESS and four sessions at EGU on this topic. The focus of the paper is to look at how high-frequency monitoring can be used as a valuable support to assess the management efforts under various EU directives. We conclude that we in future will see a transition from research to implementation in operational monitoring use of high-frequency sensors.
Matthew D. Berg, Franco Marcantonio, Mead A. Allison, Jason McAlister, Bradford P. Wilcox, and William E. Fox
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2295–2307, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2295-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2295-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Rangelands, from grasslands to woodlands, cover much of the earth. These areas face great pressure to meet growing water needs. Data on large-scale dynamics that drive water planning remain rare. Our watershed-scale results challenge simplistic hydrological assumptions. Streamflow was resilient to dramatic landscape changes. These changes did shape sediment yield, affecting water storage. Understanding these processes is vital to projections of rangeland water resources in a changing world.
Jimmy O'Keeffe, Wouter Buytaert, Ana Mijic, Nicholas Brozović, and Rajiv Sinha
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 1911–1924, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1911-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1911-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Semi-structured interviews provide an effective and efficient way of collecting qualitative and quantitative data on water use practices. Interviews are organised around a topic guide, which helps lead the conversation while allowing sufficient opportunity to identify issues previously unknown to the researcher. The use of semi-structured interviews could significantly and quickly improve insight on water resources, leading to more realistic future management options and increased water security.
J. C. Rozemeijer, A. Visser, W. Borren, M. Winegram, Y. van der Velde, J. Klein, and H. P. Broers
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 347–358, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-347-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-347-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Controlled drainage has been recognized as an effective option to optimize soil moisture conditions for agriculture and to reduce unnecessary losses of fresh water and nutrients. For a grassland field in the Netherlands, we measured the changes in the field water and solute balance after introducing controlled drainage. We concluded that controlled drainage reduced the drain discharge and increased the groundwater storage in the field, but did not have clear positive effects for water quality.
S. C. Sherriff, J. S. Rowan, A. R. Melland, P. Jordan, O. Fenton, and D. Ó hUallacháin
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 3349–3363, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3349-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3349-2015, 2015
A. Rautio, A.-L. Kivimäki, K. Korkka-Niemi, M. Nygård, V.-P. Salonen, K. Lahti, and H. Vahtera
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 3015–3032, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3015-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3015-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Based on low-altitude aerial infrared surveys, around 370 groundwater–surface water interaction sites were located. Longitudinal temperature patterns, stable isotopes and dissolved silica composition of the studied rivers differed. Interaction sites identified in the proximity of 12 municipal water plants during low-flow seasons should be considered as potential risk areas during flood periods and should be taken under consideration in river basin management under changing climatic situations.
A. M. L. Saraiva Okello, I. Masih, S. Uhlenbrook, G. P. W. Jewitt, P. van der Zaag, and E. Riddell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 657–673, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-657-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-657-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We studied long-term daily records of rainfall and streamflow of the Incomati River basin in southern Africa. We used statistical analysis and the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration tool to describe the spatial and temporal variability flow regime. We found significant declining trends in October flows, and low flow indicators; however, no significant trend was found in rainfall. Land use and flow regulation are larger drivers of temporal changes in streamflow than climatic forces in the basin.
J. M. Campbell, P. Jordan, and J. Arnscheidt
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 453–464, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-453-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-453-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
High-resolution phosphorus and flow data were used to gauge the effects of diffuse (soil P) and point source (septic tank system) mitigation measures in two flashy headwater river catchments. Over 4 years the data indicated an overall increase in P concentration in defined high flow ranges and low flow P concentration showed little change. The work indicates fractured responses to catchment management advice and mitigation which were also affected by variations in seasonal hydrometeorology.
J. Audet, L. Martinsen, B. Hasler, H. de Jonge, E. Karydi, N. B. Ovesen, and B. Kronvang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 4721–4731, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4721-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4721-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
The mitigation of excess nitrogen and phosphorus in river waters requires costly measures. Therefore it is essential to use reliable monitoring methods to select adequate mitigation strategies. Here we show that more development is needed before passive samplers can be considered as reliable alternative for sampling nutrients in stream. We also showed that although continuous sampling is expensive, its reliability precludes unnecessarily high implementation costs of mitigation measures.
C. Comina, M. Lasagna, D. A. De Luca, and L. Sambuelli
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3195–3203, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3195-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3195-2014, 2014
M. Rusca, J. Heun, and K. Schwartz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 2749–2757, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2749-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2749-2012, 2012
J. Rozemeijer, C. Siderius, M. Verheul, and H. Pomarius
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 2405–2415, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2405-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2405-2012, 2012
F. Jørgensen, W. Scheer, S. Thomsen, T. O. Sonnenborg, K. Hinsby, H. Wiederhold, C. Schamper, T. Burschil, B. Roth, R. Kirsch, and E. Auken
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 1845–1862, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1845-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1845-2012, 2012
J. Lange, S. Husary, A. Gunkel, D. Bastian, and T. Grodek
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 715–724, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-715-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-715-2012, 2012
T. T. Jin, B. J. Fu, G. H. Liu, and Z. Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 2519–2530, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2519-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2519-2011, 2011
T. A. Endreny and M. M. Soulman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 2119–2126, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2119-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2119-2011, 2011
N. Pasquale, P. Perona, P. Schneider, J. Shrestha, A. Wombacher, and P. Burlando
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 1197–1212, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1197-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1197-2011, 2011
B. M. Teklu, H. Tekie, M. McCartney, and S. Kibret
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 2595–2603, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-2595-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-2595-2010, 2010
T. Raziei, I. Bordi, L. S. Pereira, and A. Sutera
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1919–1930, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-1919-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-1919-2010, 2010
S. L. Noorduijn, K. R. J. Smettem, R. Vogwill, and A. Ghadouani
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2095–2104, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2095-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2095-2009, 2009
Cited articles
Acreman, M. and Holden, J.: How wetlands affect floods, Wetlands, 33, 773–786, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-013-0473-2, 2013
Aghakouchak, A., Chiang, F., Huning, L. S., Love, C. A., Mallakpour, I., Mazdiyasni, O., Moftakhari, H., Papalexiou, S. M., Ragno, E., and Sadegh, M.: Climate Extremes and Compound Hazards in a Warming World, Annu. Rev. Earth Pl. Sc., 48, 519–548, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-071719-055228, 2020.
Andersen, R., Farrell, C., Graf, M., Muller, F., Calvar, E., Frankard, P., Caporn, S., and Anderson, P.: An overview of the progress and challenges of peatland restoration in Western Europe, Restor. Ecol., 25, 271–282, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12415, 2017.
Armstrong, A., Holden, J., Kay, P., Francis, B., Foulger, M., Gledhill, S., McDonald, A. T., and Walker, A.: The impact of peatland drain-blocking on dissolved organic carbon loss and discolouration of water; results from a national survey, J. Hydrol., 381, 112–120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.11.031, 2010.
Armstrong, L., Peralta, A., Krauss, K. W., Cormier, N., Moss, R. F., Soderholm, E., McCall, A., Pickens, C., and Ardón, M.: Hydrologic Restoration Decreases Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Shrub Bog Peatlands in Southeastern US, Wetlands, 42, 81, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-022-01605-y, 2022.
Arsenault, J., Talbot, J., Moore, T. R., Beauvais, M. P., Franssen, J., and Roulet, N. T.: The Spatial Heterogeneity of Vegetation, Hydrology and Water Chemistry in a Peatland with Open-Water Pools, Ecosystems, 22, 1352–1367, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-019-00342-4, 2019.
Blume, T., Zehe, E., and Bronstert, A.: Rainfall-runoff response, event-based runoff coefficients and hydrograph separation, Hydrol. Sci. J., 52, 843–862, https://doi.org/10.1623/hysj.52.5.843, 2007.
Bring, A., Rosén, L., Thorslund, J., Tonderski, K., Åberg, C., Envall, I., and Laudon, H.: Groundwater storage effects from restoring, constructing or draining wetlands in temperate and boreal climates: a systematic review protocol, Environ. Evid., 9, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-020-00209-5, 2020.
Bring, A., Thorslund, J., Rosén, L., Tonderski, K., Åberg, C., Envall, I., and Laudon, H.: Effects on groundwater storage of restoring, constructing or draining wetlands in temperate and boreal climates: a systematic review, Environ. Evid., 11, 38, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-022-00289-5, 2022.
Casselgård, M.: Effects of 100 years of drainage on peat properties in a drained peatland forests in northern Sweden Examensarbeten 2020: 4 Fakulteten för skogsvetenskap Institutionen för skogens ekologi och skötsel, https://stud.epsilon.slu.se (last access: 15 March 2024), 2020.
D'Acunha, B., Lee, S. C., and Johnson, M. S.: Ecohydrological responses to rewetting of a highly impacted raised bog ecosystem, Ecohydrology, 11, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1922, 2018.
Dixon, S. D., Qassim, S. M., Rowson, J. G., Worrall, F., Evans, M. G., Boothroyd, I. M., and Bonn, A.: Restoration effects on water table depths and CO2 fluxes from climatically marginal blanket bog, Biogeochemistry, 118, 159–176, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-013-9915-4, 2014.
Duque, L.: IETD: Inter-Event Time Definition. R package version 1.0.0, https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/IETD (last access: 15 March 2024), 2020.
Edokpa, D., Milledge, D., Allott, T., Holden, J., Shuttleworth, E., Kay, M., Johnston, A., Millin-Chalabi, G., Scott-Campbell, M., Chandler, D., Freestone, J., and Evans, M.: Rainfall intensity and catchment size control storm runoff in a gullied blanket peatland, J. Hydrol., 609, 127688, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.127688, 2022.
Evans, M. G., Burt, T. P., Holden, J., and Adamson, J. K.: Runoff generation and water table fluctuations in blanket peat: Evidence from UK data spanning the dry summer of 1995, J. Hydrol., 221, 141–160, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00085-2, 1999.
Franzen, L. G., Lindberg, F., Viklander, V., and Walther, A.: The potential peatland extent and carbon sink in Sweden, as related to the Peatland/Ice Age Hypothesis, Mines Peat, 10, 1–19, 2012.
Gatis, N., Benaud, P., Anderson, K., Ashe, J., Grand-Clement, E., Luscombe, D. J., Puttock, A., and Brazier, R. E.: Peatland restoration increases water storage and attenuates downstream stormflow but does not guarantee an immediate reversal of long-term ecohydrological degradation, Sci. Rep. [Code], University of Exeter, https://doi.org/10.24378/exe.4844, 2023.
Goudarzi, S., Milledge, D. G., Holden, J., Evans, M. G., Allott, T. E. H., Shuttleworth, E. L., Pilkington, M., and Walker, J.: Blanket Peat Restoration: Numerical Study of the Underlying Processes Delivering Natural Flood Management Benefits, Water Resour. Res., 57, e2020WR029209, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR029209, 2021.
Grand-Clement, E., Anderson, K., Smith, D., Luscombe, D., Gatis, N., Ross, M., and Brazier, R. E.: Evaluating ecosystem goods and services after restoration of marginal upland peatlands in South-west England, J. Appl. Ecol., 50, 324–334, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12039, 2013.
Haapalehto, T., Kotiaho, J. S., Matilainen, R., and Tahvanainen, T.: The effects of long-term drainage and subsequent restoration on water table level and pore water chemistry in boreal peatlands, J. Hydrol., 519, 1493–1505, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.09.013, 2014.
Haque, A., Ali, G., and Badiou, P.: Event-based analysis of wetland hydrologic response in the Prairie Pothole Region, J. Hydrol., 604, 127237, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.127237, 2022.
Hawcroft, M., Walsh, E., Hodges, K., and Zappa, G.: Significantly increased extreme precipitation expected in Europe and North America from extratropical cyclones, Environ. Res. Lett., 13, 124006, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaed59, 2018.
Helbig, M., Waddington, J. M., Alekseychik, P., Amiro, B. D., Aurela, M., Barr, A. G., Black, T. A., Blanken, P. D., Carey, S. K., Chen, J., Chi, J., Desai, A. R., Dunn, A., Euskirchen, E. S., Flanagan, L. B., Forbrich, I., Friborg, T., Grelle, A., Harder, S., Heliasz, M., Humphreys, E., Ikawa, H., Isabelle, P., Iwata, H., Jassal, R., Korkiakoski, M., Kurbatova, J., Kutzbach, L., Lindroth, A., Löfvenius M.O., Lohila, A., Mammarella, I., Marsh, P., Maximov, T., Melton, J. R., Moore, P. A., Nadeau, D. F., Nicholls, E. M., Nilsson, M. B., Ohta, T., Peichl, M., Petrone, R. M., Petrov, R., Prokushkin, A., Quinton, W. L., Reed, D. E., Roulet, N. T., Runkle, B. R., Sonnentag, O., Strachan, I. B., Taillardat, P., Tuittila, E., Tuovinen, J., Turner, J., Ueyama, M., Varlagin, A., Wilmking, M., Wofsy, S., and Zyrianov, V.: Increasing contribution of peatlands to boreal evapotranspiration in a warming climate, Nat. Clim. Change, 10, 555–560, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0763-7, 2020.
Holden, J.: Chap. 14, Peatland hydrology, in: Developments in Earth Surface Processes, edited by: Martini, I. P., Cortizas, A. M., and Chesworth, W., Vol. 9, 319–346, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0928-2025(06)09014-6, 2006.
Holden, J. and Burt, T. P.: Runoff production in blanket peat covered catchments, Water Resour. Res., 39, 1191, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001956, 2003.
Holden, J., Chapman, P. J., and Labadz, J. C.: Artificial drainage of peatlands: Hydrological and hydrochemical process and wetland restoration, Prog. Phys. Geogr., 28, 95–123, https://doi.org/10.1191/0309133304pp403ra, 2004.
Holden, J., Kirkby, M. J., Lane, S. N., Milledge, D. G., Brookes, C. J., Holden, V., and McDonald, A. T.: Overland flow velocity and roughness properties in peatlands, Water Resour. Res., 44, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006052, 2008.
Holden, J., Green, S. M., Baird, A. J., Grayson, R. P., Dooling, G. P., Chapman, P. J., Evans, C. D., Peacock, M., and Swindles, G.: The impact of ditch blocking on the hydrological functioning of blanket peatlands, Hydrol. Process., 31, 525–539, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11031, 2017.
Howie, S. A., Whitfield, P. H., Hebda, R. J., Munson, T. G., Dakin, R. A., and Jeglum, J. K.: Water table and vegetation response to ditch blocking: Restoration of a raised bog in southwestern british columbia, Can. Water Res. J., 34, 381–392, https://doi.org/10.4296/cwrj3404381, 2009.
Javaheri, A. and Babbar-Sebens, M.: On comparison of peak flow reductions, flood inundation maps, and velocity maps in evaluating effects of restored wetlands on channel flooding, Ecol. Eng., 73, 132–145, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.09.021, 2014.
Karimi, S., Hasselquist, E., Salimi, S., Järveoja, J., and Laudon, H.: Rewetting impact on the hydrological function of a drained peatland in the boreal landscape, J. Hydrol., 641, 131729, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.131729, 2024.
Karlsen, R. H., Bishop, K., Grabs, T., Ottosson-Löfvenius, M., Laudon, H., and Seibert, J.: The role of landscape properties, storage and evapotranspiration on variability in streamflow recessions in a boreal catchment. J. Hydrol., 570, 315–328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.12.065, 2019.
Ketcheson, S. J. and Price, J. S.: The impact of peatland restoration on the site hydrology of an abandoned block-cut bog, Wetlands, 31, 1263–1274, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-011-0241-0, 2011.
Kirchner, J. W., Benettin, P., and Van Meerveld, I.: Instructive Surprises in the Hydrological Functioning of Landscapes, Annu. Rev. Earth Pl. Sc., 51, 277–299, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-071822-100356, 2023.
Kløve, B.: Retention of suspended solids and sediment bound nutrients from peat harvesting sites with peak runoff control, constructed floodplains and sedimentation ponds, Boreal Environ. Res., 5, 81–94, 2000.
Laine, A. M., Leppälä, M., Tarvainen, O., Päätalo, M. L., Seppänen, R., and Tolvanen, A.: Restoration of managed pine fens: Effect on hydrology and vegetation, Appl. Veg. Sci., 14, 340–349, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-109X.2011.01123.x, 2011.
Laudon, H., Hasselquist, E. M., Peichl, M., Lindgren, K., Sponseller, R., Lidman, F., Kuglerová, L., Hasselquist, N. J., Bishop, K., Nilsson, M. B., and Ågren, A.: Northern landscapes in transition: Evidence, approach and ways forward using the Krycklan Catchment Study, Hydrol. Process., 35, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14170, 2021.
Laudon, H., Lidberg, W., Sponseller, R. A., Maher Hasselquist, E., Westphal, F., Östlund, L., Sandström, C., Järveoja, J., Peichl, M., and Ågren, A.: Emerging technology can guide ecosystem restoration for future water security, Hydrol. Process., 36, 1–5, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14729, 2022.
Laudon, H., Mosquera, V., Eklöf, K., Järveoja, J., Karimi, S., Krasnova, A., Peichl, M., Pinkwart, A., Tong, C. H. M., Wallin, M. B., Zannella, A., and Hasselquist, E. M.: Consequences of rewetting and ditch cleaning on hydrology, water quality and greenhouse gas balance in a drained northern landscape, Sci. Rep., 13, 20218. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-47528-4, 2023.
Liu, H. and Lennartz, B.: Hydraulic properties of peat soils along a bulk density gradient – A meta study, Hydrol. Process., 33, 101–114, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13314, 2019.
Loisel, J. and Gallego-Sala, A.: Ecological resilience of restored peatlands to climate change, Commun. Earth Environ., 3, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00547-x, 2022.
Menberu, M. W., Tahvanainen, T., Marttila, H., Irannezhad, M., Ronkanen, A.-K. A., Penttinen, J., and Kløve, B.: Water-table-dependent hydrological changes following peatland forestry drainage and restoration: Analysis of restoration success, Water Resour. Res., 52, 3742–3760, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018578, 2016.
Menberu, M. W., Haghighi, A. T., Ronkanen, A. K., Marttila, H., and Kløve, B.: Effects of Drainage and Subsequent Restoration on Peatland Hydrol. Process. at Catchment Scale, Water Resour. Res., 54, 4479–4497, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017WR022362, 2018.
Montanarella, L., Jones, R. J. A., and Hiederer, R.: The distribution of peatland in Europe, Mires Peat, 1, 1–10, http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3415 (last access: 15 March 2024), 2006.
Noumonvi, K. D., Ågren, A., Ratcliffe, J. L., Öquist, M. G., Ericson, L., Tong, C. H. M., Järveoja, J., Zhu, W., Osterwalder, S., Peng, H., Erefur, C., Bishop, K., Laudon, H., Nilsson, M. B., and Peichl, M.: The Kulbäcksliden Research Infrastructure: a unique setting for northern peatland studies, Front. Earth Sci., 11, 1194749, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1194749, 2023.
Puttock, A., Graham, H. A., Ashe, J., Luscombe, D. J., and Brazier, R. E.: Beaver dams attenuate flow: A multi-site study, Hydrol. Process., 35, e14017, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14017, 2021.
R Core Team: A language and environment for statistical computing (version 4.1.2), 2021.
Rosner, B.: Percentage points for a generalized esd many-outlier procedure, Technometrics, 25, 165–172, https://doi.org/10.1080/00401706.1983.10487848, 1983.
Shantz, M. A. and Price, J. S.: Characterization of surface storage and runoff patterns following peatland restoration, Quebec, Canada, Hydrol. Process., 20, 3799–3814, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6140, 2006.
Shuttleworth, E. L., Evans, M. G., Hutchinson, S. M., and Rothwell, J. J.: Peatland restoration: Controls on sediment production and reductions in carbon and pollutant export, Earth Surf. Proc. Land., 40, 459–472, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3645, 2015.
Shuttleworth, E. L., Evans, M. G., Pilkington, M., Spencer, T., Walker, J., Milledge, D., and Allott, T. E. H.: Restoration of blanket peat moorland delays stormflow from hillslopes and reduces peak discharge, J. Hydrol., 2, 100006, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2018.100006, 2019.
Soomets, E., Lõhmus, A., and Rannap, R.: Restoring functional forested peatlands by combining ditch-blocking and partial cutting: An amphibian perspective, Ecol. Eng., 192, 106968, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2023.106968, 2023.
Svartberget Research Station: Water balance – stream water level and discharge from Krycklan, Swedish Infrastructure for Ecosystem Science (SITES) [data set], https://hdl.handle.net/11676.1/QCGbar0r4DXpGWZoOvLFSn1b (last access: 15 March 2024), 2024
Wickham, H.: ggplot: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis (Version 3.4.2) [R package], Springer-Verlag, https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ggplot2/index.html (last access: 1 March 2024), 2016.
Wilson, L., Wilson, J., Holden, J., Johnstone, I., Armstrong, A., and Morris, M.: Recovery of water tables in Welsh blanket bog after drain blocking: Discharge rates, timescales and the influence of local conditions, J. Hydrol., 391, 377–386, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.07.042, 2010.
Wilson, L., Wilson, J., Holden, J., Johnstone, I., Armstrong, A., and Morris, M.: The impact of drain blocking on an upland blanket bog during storm and drought events, and the importance of sampling-scale, J. Hydrol., 404, 198–208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.04.030, 2011.
Short summary
There is an increasing interest in rewetting drained peatlands to regain their important ecosystem functions. However, as peatland rewetting is a relatively new strategy, the scientific foundation for this approach is not solid. Therefore, we investigated the impact of rewetting on flood mitigation using high-resolution hydrological field observations. Our results showed that peatland rewetting significantly reduced peak flow and runoff coefficient and mitigated flashy hydrograph responses.
There is an increasing interest in rewetting drained peatlands to regain their important...
