Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
HESS
Articles | Volume 29, issue 8
Articles | Volume 29, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2097-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2097-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 29, issue 8
Technical note
 | 
28 Apr 2025
Technical note |  | 28 Apr 2025

Technical note: An assessment of the relative contribution of the Soret effect to open-water evaporation

Michael L. Roderick and Callum J. Shakespeare

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Latest update: 05 Sep 2025
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Short summary
Earth scientists assume that evaporation depends on the gradient in water vapour concentration (Fick’s law), but this is only true in an isothermal system. Temperature gradients can impact evaporation via the Soret effect. Here we evaluate the relative magnitude of the Soret effect and find that it is at least 2 orders of magnitude smaller than classical concentration-dependent mass (“Fickian”) diffusion. This result justifies the standard practice of assuming evaporation follows Fick’s law.
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