Coastal topography and hydrogeology control critical groundwater gradients and potential beach surface instability during storm surges

Paldor, Anner; Stark, Nina; Florence, Matthew; Raubenheimer, Britt; Elgar, Steve; Housego, Rachel; Frederiks, Ryan S.; Michael, Holly A.

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5987-2022

Articles | Volume 26, issue 23

Article
Peer review
Metrics
Related articles

Articles | Volume 26, issue 23

https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5987-2022

Articles | Volume 26, issue 23

Article
Peer review
Metrics
Related articles

Research article

02 Dec 2022

Research article |

| 02 Dec 2022

Coastal topography and hydrogeology control critical groundwater gradients and potential beach surface instability during storm surges

Anner Paldor, Nina Stark, Matthew Florence, Britt Raubenheimer, Steve Elgar, Rachel Housego, Ryan S. Frederiks, and Holly A. Michael

Anner Paldor

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0941-1060

Department of Earth Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA

Nina Stark

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA

Matthew Florence

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA

Britt Raubenheimer

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3741-4536

Department of Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA

Steve Elgar

Department of Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA

Rachel Housego

Department of Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA

MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography, 86 Water St., Woods Hole, MA, USA

Ryan S. Frederiks

Department of Earth Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA

Holly A. Michael

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR

hmichael@udel.edu

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1107-7698

Department of Earth Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA

Viewed

Show all Final revised paper only Preprint only

Total article views: 2,004 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
1,461	483	60	2,004	50	47

HTML: 1,461
PDF: 483
XML: 60
Total: 2,004
BibTeX: 50
EndNote: 47

Views and downloads (calculated since 30 May 2022)

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 30 May 2022)

Total article views: 1,527 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
1,108	371	48	1,527	48	44

HTML: 1,108
PDF: 371
XML: 48
Total: 1,527
BibTeX: 48
EndNote: 44

Views and downloads (calculated since 02 Dec 2022)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Dec 2022	297	70	4	371
Jan 2023	38	11	0	49
Feb 2023	36	11	0	47
Mar 2023	31	10	0	41
Apr 2023	31	11	2	44
May 2023	24	12	0	36
Jun 2023	20	14	0	34
Jul 2023	25	16	3	44
Aug 2023	9	4	1	14
Sep 2023	17	12	1	30
Oct 2023	27	9	2	38
Nov 2023	15	13	1	29
Dec 2023	20	11	2	33
Jan 2024	32	9	5	46
Feb 2024	27	14	1	42
Mar 2024	49	13	3	65
Apr 2024	33	10	4	47
May 2024	47	10	4	61
Jun 2024	46	19	2	67
Jul 2024	48	6	2	56
Aug 2024	31	12	5	48
Sep 2024	21	9	0	30
Oct 2024	29	12	1	42
Nov 2024	18	9	0	27
Dec 2024	28	6	2	36
Jan 2025	44	14	2	60
Feb 2025	28	10	1	39
Mar 2025	29	11	0	40
Apr 2025	8	3	0	11

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 02 Dec 2022)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Dec 2022	297	70	4	371
Jan 2023	38	11	0	49
Feb 2023	36	11	0	47
Mar 2023	31	10	0	41
Apr 2023	31	11	2	44
May 2023	24	12	0	36
Jun 2023	20	14	0	34
Jul 2023	25	16	3	44
Aug 2023	9	4	1	14
Sep 2023	17	12	1	30
Oct 2023	27	9	2	38
Nov 2023	15	13	1	29
Dec 2023	20	11	2	33
Jan 2024	32	9	5	46
Feb 2024	27	14	1	42
Mar 2024	49	13	3	65
Apr 2024	33	10	4	47
May 2024	47	10	4	61
Jun 2024	46	19	2	67
Jul 2024	48	6	2	56
Aug 2024	31	12	5	48
Sep 2024	21	9	0	30
Oct 2024	29	12	1	42
Nov 2024	18	9	0	27
Dec 2024	28	6	2	36
Jan 2025	44	14	2	60
Feb 2025	28	10	1	39
Mar 2025	29	11	0	40
Apr 2025	8	3	0	11

Total article views: 477 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
353	112	12	477	2	3

HTML: 353
PDF: 112
XML: 12
Total: 477
BibTeX: 2
EndNote: 3

Views and downloads (calculated since 30 May 2022)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Dec 2022	297	70	4	371
Jan 2023	38	11	0	49
Feb 2023	36	11	0	47
Mar 2023	31	10	0	41
Apr 2023	31	11	2	44
May 2023	24	12	0	36
Jun 2023	20	14	0	34
Jul 2023	25	16	3	44
Aug 2023	9	4	1	14
Sep 2023	17	12	1	30
Oct 2023	27	9	2	38
Nov 2023	15	13	1	29
Dec 2023	20	11	2	33
Jan 2024	32	9	5	46
Feb 2024	27	14	1	42
Mar 2024	49	13	3	65
Apr 2024	33	10	4	47
May 2024	47	10	4	61
Jun 2024	46	19	2	67
Jul 2024	48	6	2	56
Aug 2024	31	12	5	48
Sep 2024	21	9	0	30
Oct 2024	29	12	1	42
Nov 2024	18	9	0	27
Dec 2024	28	6	2	36
Jan 2025	44	14	2	60
Feb 2025	28	10	1	39
Mar 2025	29	11	0	40
Apr 2025	8	3	0	11

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 30 May 2022)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Dec 2022	297	70	4	371
Jan 2023	38	11	0	49
Feb 2023	36	11	0	47
Mar 2023	31	10	0	41
Apr 2023	31	11	2	44
May 2023	24	12	0	36
Jun 2023	20	14	0	34
Jul 2023	25	16	3	44
Aug 2023	9	4	1	14
Sep 2023	17	12	1	30
Oct 2023	27	9	2	38
Nov 2023	15	13	1	29
Dec 2023	20	11	2	33
Jan 2024	32	9	5	46
Feb 2024	27	14	1	42
Mar 2024	49	13	3	65
Apr 2024	33	10	4	47
May 2024	47	10	4	61
Jun 2024	46	19	2	67
Jul 2024	48	6	2	56
Aug 2024	31	12	5	48
Sep 2024	21	9	0	30
Oct 2024	29	12	1	42
Nov 2024	18	9	0	27
Dec 2024	28	6	2	36
Jan 2025	44	14	2	60
Feb 2025	28	10	1	39
Mar 2025	29	11	0	40
Apr 2025	8	3	0	11

Viewed (geographical distribution)

Show all Final revised paper only Preprint only

Total article views: 2,004 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 1,925 with geography defined and 79 with unknown origin.

Total article views: 1,527 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 1,510 with geography defined and 17 with unknown origin.

Total article views: 477 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 415 with geography defined and 62 with unknown origin.

Country	#	Views	%
United States of America	1	737	36
China	2	346	17
Germany	3	108	5
India	4	97	4
Canada	5	70	3

Country	#	Views	%
United States of America	1	539	35
China	2	295	19
Germany	3	91	5
India	4	76	4
Canada	5	64	4

Country	#	Views	%
United States of America	1	198	41
China	2	51	10
India	3	21	4
France	4	18	3
Germany	5	17	3


Total:	0
HTML:	0
PDF:	0
XML:	0

737


Total:	0
HTML:	0
PDF:	0
XML:	0

539


Total:	0
HTML:	0
PDF:	0
XML:	0

198

Cited

Show all Final revised paper only Preprint only

10 citations as recorded by crossref.

Effects of boundary conditions and aquifer parameters on salinity distribution and mixing-controlled reactions in high-energy beach aquifers R. Meyer et al. 10.5194/hess-29-1469-2025
Beach and Dune Subsurface Hydrodynamics and Their Influence on the Formation of Dune Scarps H. Bond et al. 10.1029/2023JF007298
Morphologic, Atmospheric, and Oceanic Drivers Cause Multi‐Temporal Saltwater Intrusion on a Remote, Sand Island J. Cantelon et al. 10.1029/2023WR035820
Measurement of Changes in Beach Sand Soil Stiffness due to Fluctuating Tides J. Hubler et al. 10.1061/JWPED5.WWENG-2139
A comparison of sea-level rise and storm-surge overwash effects on groundwater salinity of a barrier island R. Frederiks et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132050
Microscale Morphologic Changes Caused by Groundwater Seepage on a Macrotidal Beach J. Bae & D. Sherman 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-24-00024.1
Drainage explains soil liquefaction beyond the earthquake near-field S. Ben-Zeev et al. 10.1038/s41467-023-41405-4
Development of a fully integrated hydrological fate and transport model for plant protection products: incorporating groundwater, tile drainage, and runoff M. Callaghan et al. 10.3389/fenvs.2024.1505480
Simulating surface soil moisture on sandy beaches C. Hallin et al. 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2023.104376
Assessment of coastal vulnerability using AHP and machine learning techniques S. S et al. 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105107

10 citations as recorded by crossref.

Effects of boundary conditions and aquifer parameters on salinity distribution and mixing-controlled reactions in high-energy beach aquifers R. Meyer et al. 10.5194/hess-29-1469-2025
Beach and Dune Subsurface Hydrodynamics and Their Influence on the Formation of Dune Scarps H. Bond et al. 10.1029/2023JF007298
Morphologic, Atmospheric, and Oceanic Drivers Cause Multi‐Temporal Saltwater Intrusion on a Remote, Sand Island J. Cantelon et al. 10.1029/2023WR035820
Measurement of Changes in Beach Sand Soil Stiffness due to Fluctuating Tides J. Hubler et al. 10.1061/JWPED5.WWENG-2139
A comparison of sea-level rise and storm-surge overwash effects on groundwater salinity of a barrier island R. Frederiks et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132050
Microscale Morphologic Changes Caused by Groundwater Seepage on a Macrotidal Beach J. Bae & D. Sherman 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-24-00024.1
Drainage explains soil liquefaction beyond the earthquake near-field S. Ben-Zeev et al. 10.1038/s41467-023-41405-4
Development of a fully integrated hydrological fate and transport model for plant protection products: incorporating groundwater, tile drainage, and runoff M. Callaghan et al. 10.3389/fenvs.2024.1505480
Simulating surface soil moisture on sandy beaches C. Hallin et al. 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2023.104376
Assessment of coastal vulnerability using AHP and machine learning techniques S. S et al. 10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105107

Latest update: 06 Apr 2025

Download

Article (3784 KB)
Full-text XML

BibTeX
EndNote

Short summary

Ocean surges can impact the stability of beaches by changing the hydraulic regime. These surge-induced changes in the hydraulic regime have important implications for coastal engineering and for beach morphology. This work uses 3D computer simulations to study how these alterations vary in space and time. We find that certain areas along and across the beach are potentially more vulnerable than others and that previous assumptions regarding the most dangerous places may need to be revised.

Ocean surges can impact the stability of beaches by changing the hydraulic regime. These...