Arthington, A. H., Bunn, S. E., Poff, N. L., and Naiman, R. J.: The challenge of providing environmental flow rules to sustain river ecosystems, Ecol. Appl., 16, 1311–1318, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[1311:TCOPEF]2.0.CO;2, 2006.
Beisel, J. N., Usseglio-Polatera, P., and Moreteau, J. C.: The spatial heterogeneity of a river bottom: a key factor determining macro-invertebrate communities, Hydrobiologia, 422/423, 163–171, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017094606335, 2000.
Birk, S., Bonne, W., Borja, A., Brucet, S., Courrat, A., Poikane, S., Solimini, A., Van de Bund, W., Zampoukas, N., and Hering, D.: Three hundred ways to assess Europe's surface water: an almost complete overview of biological methods to implement the Water Framework Directive, Ecol. Indic., 18, 31–41, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.10.009, 2012.
Bis, B. and Mikulec, A.: Guidelines to the ecological status assessment of rivers based on benthic macroinvertebrates, Biblioteka Monitoringu Środowiska, Warsaw, ISBN 978-83-61227-21-2, 2013 (in Polish).
Bravard, J. P., Amoros, C., Pautou, G., Bornette, G., Bournaud, M., Creuzé des Châtelliers, M., Gibert, J., Peiry, J. L., Perrin, J. F., and Tachet, H.: River incision in south-east France: morphological phenomena and ecological effects, River Res. Appl., 13, 75–90, 1997.
Bunn, S. E. and Arthington, A. H.: Basic principles and ecological consequences of altered flow regimes for aquatic biodiversity, Environ. Manage., 30, 492–507, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-002-2737-0, 2002.
Buss, D. F., Carlisle, D. M., Chon, T. S., Culp, J., Harding, J. S., Keizer-Vlek, H. E., Robinson, W. A., Strachan, S., Thirion, C., and Hughes, R. M.: Stream biomonitoring using macroinvertebrates around the globe: A comparison of large-scale programs, Environ. Monit. Assess., 187, 4132, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-4132-8, 2015.
Chen, W. and Olden, J. D.: Designing flows to resolve human and environmental water needs in a dam-regulated river, Nat. Commun., 8, 2158, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02226-4, 2017.
dos Reis Oliveira, P. C., Kraak, M. H. S., Verdonschot, P. F. M., and Verdonschot, R. C. M.: Lowland stream restoration by sand addition: Impact, recovery, and beneficial effects on benthic invertebrates, River Res. Appl., 35, 1023–1033, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3465, 2019.
Duan, J. G., Wang, S. S. Y., and Jia, Y.: The applications of the enhanced CCHE2D model to study the alluvial channel migration processes, J. Hydraul. Res., 39, 469–491, https://doi.org/10.1080/00221686.2001.9628272, 2001.
Duan, X., Wang, Z., Hu, M., and Zhang, K.: Effect of streambed sediment on benthic ecology, Int. J. Sediment Res., 24, 325–338, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-6279(10)60007-8, 2009.
Dz.U. 2019 poz. 2149: Regulation of the Polish Ministry of Maritime Economy and Inland Sailing Heritage of 11 October 2019 on the classification of ecological status, ecological potential and chemical status and the method of classification of the surface water bodies, as well as environmental quality standards for priority substances,
https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20190002149 (last access: 23 November 2021), 2019.
European Community 2000/60/EC: Directive of the European Parliament and the Council, Establishing a Framework for Community Action in the Field of Water Policy, European Union, Brussels, Belgium, 1–73,
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0060:en:NOT (last access: 23 November 2021), 2000.
Fornaroli, R., Cabrini, R., Sartori, L., Marazzi, F., Vracevic, D., Mezzanotte, V., Annala, M., and Canobbio, S.: Predicting the constraint effect of environmental characteristics on macroinvertebrate density and diversity using quantile regression mixed model, Hydrobiologia, 742, 153–167, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-014-1974-6, 2015.
Gore, A.: Response of aquatic biota to hydrological change, in: River Biota: Diversity and Dynamics, edited by: Petts, G. E. and Calow, P., Blackwell Scientific Publication, London, 209–230, ISBN 978-0-865-42716-7, 1996.
Hammer, Ø., Harper, D. A. T., and Paul, D. R.: Past: Paleontological Statistics Software Package for Education and Data Analysis, Palaeontol. Electron., 4, art. 4,
https://palaeo-electronica.org/2001_1/past/issue1_01.htm (last access: 23 November 2021), 2001.
Hayes, J. W., Shearer, K. A., Goodwin, E. O., Hay, J., Allen, C., and Olsen, D. A.: Test of benthic invertebrate habitat – flow time series model incorporating disturbance and recovery processes, River Res. Appl., 31, 785–797, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2773, 2014.
Higgisson, W., Higgisson, B., Powell, M., Driver, P., and Dyer, F.: Impacts of water resource development on hydrological connectivity of different floodplain habitats in a highly variable system, River Res. Appl., 36, 542–552, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3409, 2019.
Jeffres, C. A., Opperman, J. J., and Moyle, P. B.: Ephemeral floodplain habitats provide best growth conditions for juvenile Chinook salmon in a California river, Environ. Biol. Fish., 83, 449–458, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-008-9367-1, 2008.
Jowett, I. G.: Instream flow methods: a comparison of approaches, Regul. River., 13, 115–127, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1646(199703)13:2<115::AID-RRR440>3.0.CO;2-6, 1997.
Jowett, I. G.: Hydraulic constraints on habitat suitability for benthic invertebrates in gravel-bed rivers, River Res. Appl., 19, 495–507, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.734, 2003.
Jowett, I. G. and Davey, A. J. H.: A comparison of composite habitat suitability indices and generalized additive models of invertebrate abundance and fish presence-habitat availability, T. Am. Fish. Soc., 136, 428–444, https://doi.org/10.1577/T06-104.1, 2007.
Jowett, I. G., Richardson, J., Biggs, B. J. F., Hickey, C. W., and Quinn, J. M.: Microhabitat preferences of benthic invertebrates and the development of generalized
Deleatidium spp. habitat suitability curves, applied to four New Zealand rivers, New Zeal. J. Mar. Fresh., 25, 187–199, https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1991.9516470, 1991.
Jusik, S., Bryl, Ł., Przesmycki M., and Kasprzak, M.: The Evolution of Hydromorphological Method for River Assessment RHS-PL in Poland, Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska, 17, 41–62, 2014.
Katano, I., Negishi, J. N., Minagawa, T., Doi, H., Kawaguchi, Y., and Kayaba, Y.: Longitudinal macroinvertebrate organization over contrasting discontinuities: effects of a dam and a tributary, J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc., 28, 331–351, https://doi.org/10.1899/08-010.1, 2009.
Kędzior, R., Skalski, T., and Radecki-Pawlik, A.: The effect of channel restoration on ground beetle communities in the floodplain of a channelized mountain stream, Period. Biol., 118, 171–184, https://doi.org/10.18054/pb.2016.118.3.3943, 2016.
Książek, L., Wałęga, A., Bartnik, W., and Krzanowski, S.: Calibration and verification of computational model of the Wisłok River by means of flood wave transformation, Infrastructure and Ecology of Rural Areas, 8, 15–28, 2010 (in Polish).
Książek, L., Woś, A., Florek, J., Wyrębek, M., Młyński, D., and Wałęga, A.: Combined use of the hydraulic and hydrological methods to calculate the environmental flow: Wisloka river, Poland: case study, Environ. Monit. Assess., 191, 254, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7402-7, 2019.
Książek, L., Woś, A., Wyrębek, M., and Strużyński, A.: Habitat structure changes of the Wisłoka River as a result of channel restoration, in: Recent Trends in Environmental Hydraulics, GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences, edited by: Kalinowska, M., Mrokowska, M., and Rowiński, P., Springer, Cham, 103–115, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37105-0_9, 2020.
Laini, A., Viaroli, P., Bolpagni, R., Cancellario, T., Racchetti, E., and Guareschi, S.: Taxonomic and Functional Responses of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities to Hydrological and Water Quality Variations in a Heavily Regulated River, Water, 11, 1478, https://doi.org/10.3390/w11071478, 2019.
Li, F., Cai, Q., Fu, X., and Liu, J.: Construction of habitat suitability models (HSMs) for benthic macroinvertebrate and their applications to instream environmental flow: A case study in Xiangxi River of Three Gorges Reservoir region, China, Prog. Nat. Sci., 19, 359–367, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnsc.2008.07.011, 2009.
McKenzie, M., Mathers, K. L., Wood, P. J., England, J., Foster, I., Lawler, D., and Wilkes, M.: Potential physical effects of suspended fine sediment on lotic macroinvertebrates, Hydrobiologia, 847, 697–711, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-04131-x, 2020.
Meißner, T., Sures, B., and Feld, C. K.: Multiple stressors and the role of hydrology on benthic invertebrates in mountainous streams, Sci. Total Environ., 663, 841–851, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.288, 2019.
Merz, J. E. and Ochikubo Chan, L. K.: Effects of gravel augmentation on macroinvertebrate assemblages in a regulated California River, River Res. Appl., 21, 61–74, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.819, 2005.
Michalik, A. and Książek, L.: Dynamics of water flow on degraded sectors of Polish mountain stream channels, Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 18, 665–672, 2009.
Mikuś, P., Wyżga, B., Bylak, A., Kukułka, K., Liro, M., Oglęcki, P., and Radecki-Pawlik, A.: Impact of the restoration of an incised mountain stream on habitats, aquatic fauna and ecological stream quality, Ecol. Eng., 170, 106365, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106365, 2021.
Monk, W. A., Wood, P. J., Hannah, D. M., and Wilson, D. A.: Macroinvertebrate community response to inter-annual and regional river flow regime dynamics, River Res. Appl., 24, 988–1001, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1120, 2008.
Muñoz-Mas, R., Papadaki, C., Martínez-Capel, F., Zogaris, S., Ntoanidis, L., and Dimitriou, E.: Generalized additive and fuzzy models in environmental flow assessment: A comparison employing the West Balkan trout (
Salmo farioides; Karaman, 1938), Ecol. Eng., 91, 365–377, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.03.009, 2016.
Mutz, M., Elosegi, A., and Piégay, H.: Preface: physical template and river ecosystem functioning: interdisciplinary feedbacks for improving rivers, Hydrobiologia, 712, 1–4, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-013-1507-8, 2013.
Neachell, E.: Book Review – Environmental flows: Saving rivers in the third millennium, River Res. Appl., 30, 132–133, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.2635, 2014.
Pander, J., Knott, J., Mueller, M., and Geist, J.: Effects of environmental flows in a restored floodplain system on the community composition of fish, macroinvertebrates and macrophytes, Ecol. Eng., 132, 75–86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.04.003, 2019.
Poff, N. L. and Zimmerman, J. K. H.: Ecological responses to altered flow regimes: a literature review to inform the science and management of environmental flows, Freshwater Biol., 55, 194–205, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02272.x, 2010.
Poff, N. L., Allan, J. D., Bain, M. B., Karr, J. R., Prestegard, K. L., Richter, B. D., Sparks, R. E., and Stromberg, J. C.: The natural flow regime, BioScience, 47, 769–784, https://doi.org/10.2307/1313099, 1997.
Richter, B. D., Davis, M. M., and Konrad, C.: Short communication a presumptive standard for environmental flow protection, River Res. Appl., 28, 1312–1321, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1320, 2012.
Rinaldi, M., Wyżga, B., and Surian, N.: Sediment mining in alluvial channels: physical effects and management perspectives, River Res. Appl., 21, 805–828, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.884, 2005.
Roche, K. F., Queiroz, E. P., Ocampo Righi, K., and de Souza, G. M.: Use of the BMWP and ASPT indexes for monitoring environmental quality in a neotropical stream, Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 22, 105–108, https://doi.org/10.4322/actalb.02201010, 2010.
Rosenfeld, J. S.: Developing flow–ecology relationships: Implications of nonlinear biological responses for water management, Freshwater Biol., 62, 1305–1324, https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12948, 2017.
Schneider, S. C. and Petrin, Z.: Effects of flow regime on benthic algae and macroinvertebrates – A comparison between regulated and unregulated rivers, Sci. Total Environ., 579, 1059–1072, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.060, 2017.
Shearer, K., Hayes, J., Jowett, I., and Olsen, D.: Habitat suitability curves for benthic macroinvertebrates from a small New Zealand river, New Zeal. J. Mar. Fresh., 49, 178–191, https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2014.988632, 2015.
Shields, F. D., Knight, S. S., and Cooper, C. M.: Effects of channel incision on base flow stream habitats and fishes, Environ. Manage., 18, 43–57, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02393749, 1994.
Shields Jr., F. D., Knight, S. S., and Cooper, C. M.: Rehabilitation of aquatic habitats in warm-water streams damaged by channel incision in Mississippi, Hydrobiologia, 382, 63–86, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003485021076, 1998.
Skalski, T., Kędzior, R., Wyżga, B., Radecki-Pawlik, A., Plesiński, K., and Zawiejska, J.: Impact of incision of gravel-bed rivers on ground beetle assemblages, River Res. Appl., 32, 1968–1977, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3027, 2016.
Skalski, T., Kędzior, R., and Radecki-Pawlik, A.: Riparian ground beetles in gravel bed rivers: validation of Invertebrate Bankfull Assessment method, Sci. Total Environ., 707, 135572, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135572, 2020.
Skarpich, V., Macurová, T., Galia, T., Ruman, S., and Hradecký, J.: Degradation of multi-thread gravel-bed rivers in medium-high mountain settings: Quantitave analysis and possible solutions, Ecol. Eng., 148, 105795, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2020.105795, 2020.
StatSoft: STATISTICA (data analysis software system), version 13.0,
http://www.statsoft.com/ (last access: 23 November 2021), 2013.
Tachet, H., Richoux, P., Bournaud, M., and Usseglio-Polatera, P.: Invertébrés d'Eau Douce. Systématique, Biologie, Écologie, CNRS Editions, Paris, France, ISBN 2-271-05745-0, 2000.
Tare, V., Gurjar, S. K., Mohanta, H., Kapoor, V., Modi, A., Mathur, R. P., and Sinha, R.: Eco-geomorphological approach for environmental flows assessment in monsoon-driven highland rivers: A case study of Upper Ganga, India, J. Hydrol. Reg. Stud., 13, 110–121, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.07.005, 2017.
Tennant, D. L.: Instream flow regimens for fish, wildlife, recreation and related environmental resources, Fisheries, 1, 6–10, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446(1976)001<0006:IFRFFW>2.0.CO;2, 1976.
Tharme, R. E.: A global perspective on environmental flow assessment: emerging trends in the development and application of environmental flow methodologies for rivers, River Res. Appl., 19, 397–441, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.736, 2003.
Theodoropoulos, C., Papadonikolaki, G., Stamou, A., Bui, M. D., Rutschmann, P., and Skoulikidis, N.: A methodology for the determination of environmental flow releases from dams based on hydrodynamic habitat modelling and benthic macroinvertebrates, in: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, Rhodes, Greece, 3–5 September 2015, 1820, ISBN 978-1-5108-1427-1, 2015.
van Niekerk, L., Taljaard, S., Adams, J., Lamberth, S. J., Huizinga, P., Turpie, J. K., and Wooldridge, T. H.: An environmental flow determination method for integrating multiple-scale ecohydrological and complex ecosystem processes in estuaries, Sci. Total Environ., 656, 482–494, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.276, 2019.
Veldkamp, T. I. E., Wada, Y., Aerts, J. C. J. H., Döll, P., Gosling, S. N., Liu, J., Masaki, Y., Oki, T., Ostberg, S., Pokhrel, Y., Satoh, Y., Kim, H., and Ward, P. J.: Water scarcity hotspots travel downstream due to human interventions in the 20th and 21st century, Nat. Commun., 8, 15697, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15697, 2017.
Vezza, P., Parasiewicz, P., Rosso, M., and Comoglio, C.: Defining minimum environmental flows at regional scale: Application of mesoscale habitat models and catchments classification, River Res. Appl., 28, 717–730, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.1571, 2012.
Violin, C. R., Cada, P., Sudduth, E. B., Hassett, B. A., Penrose, D. L., and Bernhardt, E. S.: Effects of Urbanization and Urban Stream Restoration on the Physical and Biological Structure of Stream Ecosystems, Ecol. Appl., 21, 1932–1949, https://doi.org/10.1890/10-1551.1, 2011.
Vörösmarty, C. J., McIntyre, P. B., Gessner, M. O., Dudgean, D., Prusevich, A., Green, P., Glidden, S., Bunn, S. E., Sullivan, G. A., Liermann, C. R., and Davies, P. M.: Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity, Nature, 467, 555–561, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09440, 2010.
Walther, D. A. and Whiles, M. R.: Macroinvertebrate responses to constructed riffles in the Cache River, Illinois, USA, Environ. Manage., 41, 516–527, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-007-9058-2, 2008.
Ward, J. V. and Tockner, K.: Biodiversity: towards a unifying theme for river ecology, Freshwater Biol., 46, 807–819, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2001.00713.x, 2001.
White, J. C., Hannah, D. M., House, A., Beatson, S. J. V., Martin, A., and Wood, P. J.: Macroinvertebrate responses to flow and stream temperature variability across regulated and non-regulated rivers, Ecohydrology, 10, e1773, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1773, 2016.
Wu, W., Wang, S. S. Y., and Jia, Y.: Nonuniform Sediment Transport in Alluvial Rivers, J. Hydraul. Res, 38, 427–434, https://doi.org/10.1080/00221680009498296, 2000.
Wyżga, B.: A review on channel incision in the Polish Carpathian rivers during the 20th century, Developments in Earth Surface Processes, 11, 525–553, 2007.
Wyżga, B., Oglęcki, P., Radecki-Pawlik, A., Skalski, T., and Zawiejska J.: Hydromorphological complexity as a driver of the diversity of benthic invertebrate communities in the Czarny Dunajec River, Polish Carpathians, Hydrobiologia, 696, 29–46, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-012-1180-3, 2012.
Wyżga, B., Oglęcki, P., Hajdukiewicz, H., Zawiejska, J., Radecki-Pawlik, A., Skalski, T., and Mikuś, P.: Interpretation of the invertebrate-based BMWP-PL index in a gravel-bed river: insight from the Polish Carpathians, Hydrobiologia, 712, 71–88, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-012-1280-0, 2013.
Wyżga, B., Zawiejska, J., and Radecki-Pawlik, A.: Impact of channel incision on the hydraulics of flood flows: Examples from Polish Carpathian rivers, Geomorphology, 272, 10–20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.05.017, 2016.
Yarnell, S. M,, Petts, G. E., Schmidt, J. C., Whipple, A. A., Beller, E. E., Dahm, C. N., Goodwin, P., and Viers, J. H.: Functional flows in modified riverscapes: hydrographs, habitats and opportunities, BioScience, 65, 963–972, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biv102, 2015.
