Articles | Volume 25, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1069-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1069-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
02 Mar 2021
Research article |
| 02 Mar 2021
| 02 Mar 2021
Behind the scenes of streamflow model performance
Laurène J. E. Bouaziz
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, the Netherlands
Department Catchment and Urban Hydrology, Deltares, Boussinesqweg 1, 2629 HV Delft, the Netherlands
Fabrizio Fenicia
Eawag, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
Guillaume Thirel
Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR HYCAR, 92160 Antony, France
Tanja de Boer-Euser
Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, the Netherlands
Joost Buitink
Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
Claudia C. Brauer
Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
Jan De Niel
Hydraulics division, Department of Civil Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 40, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
Benjamin J. Dewals
Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil Engineering (HECE), University of Liège, Allée de la Découverte 9, 4000 Liège, Belgium
Gilles Drogue
Université de Lorraine, LOTERR, 57000 Metz, France
Benjamin Grelier
Université de Lorraine, LOTERR, 57000 Metz, France
Lieke A. Melsen
Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
Sotirios Moustakas
Hydraulics division, Department of Civil Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 40, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
Jiri Nossent
Flanders Hydraulics Research, Berchemlei 115, 2140 Antwerp, Belgium
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Fernando Pereira
Flanders Hydraulics Research, Berchemlei 115, 2140 Antwerp, Belgium
Eric Sprokkereef
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, Zuiderwagenplein 2, 8224 AD Lelystad, the Netherlands
Jasper Stam
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, Zuiderwagenplein 2, 8224 AD Lelystad, the Netherlands
Albrecht H. Weerts
Department Catchment and Urban Hydrology, Deltares, Boussinesqweg 1, 2629 HV Delft, the Netherlands
Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
Patrick Willems
Hydraulics division, Department of Civil Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 40, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Hubert H. G. Savenije
Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, the Netherlands
Markus Hrachowitz
Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5048, 2600 GA Delft, the Netherlands
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Latest update: 07 Nov 2025
Short summary
We quantify the differences in internal states and fluxes of 12 process-based models with similar streamflow performance and assess their plausibility using remotely sensed estimates of evaporation, snow cover, soil moisture and total storage anomalies. The dissimilarities in internal process representation imply that these models cannot all simultaneously be close to reality. Therefore, we invite modelers to evaluate their models using multiple variables and to rely on multi-model studies.
We quantify the differences in internal states and fluxes of 12 process-based models with...
