Articles | Volume 24, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3015-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3015-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Changing global cropping patterns to minimize national blue water scarcity
Hatem Chouchane
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Twente Water Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the
Netherlands
Maarten S. Krol
Twente Water Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the
Netherlands
Arjen Y. Hoekstra
Twente Water Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, the
Netherlands
Institute of Water Policy, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy,
National University of Singapore, Singapore
deceased, 18 November 2019
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Cited
49 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Blue–green water utilization in rice–fish cultivation towards sustainable food production N. Ahmed et al.
- Real Water Saving Using Crop Substitution in Cropping Pattern: A Case Study of Khuzestan Province, Iran P. Varjavand & M. Khorramian
- Cropping patterns for phenology stability and resource conservation under extreme climates A. Ahmad et al.
- Climate change adaptation strategies for sustainable water management in the Indus basin of Pakistan M. Muzammil et al.
- The water–energy nexus in irrigated agriculture in South Asia: Critical hotspots of irrigation water use, related energy application, and greenhouse gas emissions for wheat, rice, sugarcane, and cotton in Pakistan A. Siyal & P. Gerbens-Leenes
- Optimizing the structure of food production in China to improve the sustainability of water resources M. Kang et al.
- Effects of production fragmentation and inter-provincial trade on spatial blue water consumption and scarcity patterns in China Q. Ye et al.
- Spatial Distribution of the Cropping Pattern Exerts Greater Influence on the Water Footprint Compared to Diversification in Intensive Farmland Landscapes X. Wang et al.
- Investigating agricultural water sustainability in arid regions with Bayesian network and water footprint theories L. Zhang et al.
- Analyzing water footprint and water resources sustainability in China’s arid Northwest with Bayesian network L. Zhang et al.
- Spatiotemporal heterogeneities in water and land appropriations related to food losses and waste in China M. Li et al.
- Optimization of virtual water flows in agriculture by changing cropping patterns using an integrated approach M. Mehla et al.
- Exploring trade-offs and synergies in the water-agriculture-ecology nexus via cropping structure optimization G. Ma et al.
- Impact of water transfer on socioeconomic drought in China: A new approach based on production and consumption J. Qu et al.
- Effects of crop planting structure optimization on water-saving, environmental, and economic multibenefits in Northeast China J. Wang & L. Qin
- Optimizing crop planting structures for water savings and grain revenue in China considering different spatial scales W. Liu et al.
- Agro-economic and socio-environmental assessments of food and virtual water trades of Iran F. Karandish et al.
- Trans-regional rice supply paradigm reveals unsustainable water use in China L. Wu et al.
- Dietary shift can enhance the environmental benefits of crop redistribution H. Wang et al.
- Global food crop redistribution reduces water footprint without compromising species diversity M. Wen & L. Chen
- Strategic crop reallocation for reduced agricultural water footprints in semi-arid regions M. Demir
- Water resources constraints in achieving silk production self-sufficiency in India L. Ricciardi et al.
- Quantifying economic-social-environmental trade-offs and synergies of water-supply constraints: An application to the capital region of China D. Zhao et al.
- Boosting domestic feed production with less environmental cost through optimized crop distribution G. Dai et al.
- Multi objective optimization of ethanol production based on regional resource availability R. Dhanraj et al.
- Advances and Challenges in the Water Footprint Assessment Research Field: Towards a More Integrated Understanding of the Water–Energy–Food–Land Nexus in a Changing Climate M. Aldaya et al.
- Evaluating sustainable intensification levels of dryland agriculture: A focus on Xinjiang, China J. Yu et al.
- Agricultural Water Use Efficiency and Driving Force Assessment to Improve Regional Productivity and Effectiveness X. Cao et al.
- Combined impacts of climate change and human activities on blue and green water resources in a high-intensity development watershed X. Tan et al.
- Adjustable Robust Optimization for Multi-Period Water Allocation in Droughts Under Uncertainty Y. Shuai & L. Yao
- Improve food, water, and economic benefits in China’s oases through crop switching P. Chen et al.
- Cropping pattern optimization for rainfed and irrigated lands in the Ghaenat and Zirkuh regions of Iran: A trade‐off between profit and water footprints H. Aboutorabi et al.
- Assessing the contribution of China's grain production during 2005–2020 from the perspective of the crop-water-land nexus X. Cao et al.
- Crop Production Allocations for Saving Water and Improving Calorie Supply in China Y. Liu et al.
- A coupled land use change-ecohydrological model for multi-seasonal arid agricultural systems: an Egyptian case study A. Sattar et al.
- Multi-dimensional evaluation of water footprint and implication for crop production: A case study in Hetao Irrigation District, China J. Yin et al.
- Economic analysis of water footprint for water management of rain-fed and irrigated almonds in Iran O. Bazrafshan et al.
- Risk transmission and driving factors of virtual water flows from the perspective of China's interregional water–energy–food trade S. Hong et al.
- Cropping pattern optimization considering water shadow price and virtual water flows: A case study of Yellow River Basin in China H. Huang et al.
- What is the potential to improve food security by restructuring crops in Northwest China? X. Liu et al.
- Comprehensive review of optimization and surrogate models for agricultural water resources and reservoir water management A. Kumari & T. Pathania
- Global expansion of sustainable irrigation limited by water storage R. Schmitt et al.
- Enhancing Food Production Through Modern Agricultural Technology K. Yu et al.
- Seeking sustainable pathway of crop production by optimizing planting structures and management practices from the perspective of water footprint X. Shi et al.
- Transboundary conflict from surface water scarcity under climate change R. Jiang et al.
- Crop switching can enhance environmental sustainability and farmer incomes in China W. Xie et al.
- Changing global cropping patterns to minimize national blue water scarcity H. Chouchane et al.
- Comprehensive analysis of water resources from the perspective of water footprint and water ecological footprint: a case study from Anyang City, China X. Ma & S. Jiao
- Regional blue and green water-saving potential and regulation paths for crop production: A case study in the Yellow River Basin Y. Duan et al.
49 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Blue–green water utilization in rice–fish cultivation towards sustainable food production N. Ahmed et al.
- Real Water Saving Using Crop Substitution in Cropping Pattern: A Case Study of Khuzestan Province, Iran P. Varjavand & M. Khorramian
- Cropping patterns for phenology stability and resource conservation under extreme climates A. Ahmad et al.
- Climate change adaptation strategies for sustainable water management in the Indus basin of Pakistan M. Muzammil et al.
- The water–energy nexus in irrigated agriculture in South Asia: Critical hotspots of irrigation water use, related energy application, and greenhouse gas emissions for wheat, rice, sugarcane, and cotton in Pakistan A. Siyal & P. Gerbens-Leenes
- Optimizing the structure of food production in China to improve the sustainability of water resources M. Kang et al.
- Effects of production fragmentation and inter-provincial trade on spatial blue water consumption and scarcity patterns in China Q. Ye et al.
- Spatial Distribution of the Cropping Pattern Exerts Greater Influence on the Water Footprint Compared to Diversification in Intensive Farmland Landscapes X. Wang et al.
- Investigating agricultural water sustainability in arid regions with Bayesian network and water footprint theories L. Zhang et al.
- Analyzing water footprint and water resources sustainability in China’s arid Northwest with Bayesian network L. Zhang et al.
- Spatiotemporal heterogeneities in water and land appropriations related to food losses and waste in China M. Li et al.
- Optimization of virtual water flows in agriculture by changing cropping patterns using an integrated approach M. Mehla et al.
- Exploring trade-offs and synergies in the water-agriculture-ecology nexus via cropping structure optimization G. Ma et al.
- Impact of water transfer on socioeconomic drought in China: A new approach based on production and consumption J. Qu et al.
- Effects of crop planting structure optimization on water-saving, environmental, and economic multibenefits in Northeast China J. Wang & L. Qin
- Optimizing crop planting structures for water savings and grain revenue in China considering different spatial scales W. Liu et al.
- Agro-economic and socio-environmental assessments of food and virtual water trades of Iran F. Karandish et al.
- Trans-regional rice supply paradigm reveals unsustainable water use in China L. Wu et al.
- Dietary shift can enhance the environmental benefits of crop redistribution H. Wang et al.
- Global food crop redistribution reduces water footprint without compromising species diversity M. Wen & L. Chen
- Strategic crop reallocation for reduced agricultural water footprints in semi-arid regions M. Demir
- Water resources constraints in achieving silk production self-sufficiency in India L. Ricciardi et al.
- Quantifying economic-social-environmental trade-offs and synergies of water-supply constraints: An application to the capital region of China D. Zhao et al.
- Boosting domestic feed production with less environmental cost through optimized crop distribution G. Dai et al.
- Multi objective optimization of ethanol production based on regional resource availability R. Dhanraj et al.
- Advances and Challenges in the Water Footprint Assessment Research Field: Towards a More Integrated Understanding of the Water–Energy–Food–Land Nexus in a Changing Climate M. Aldaya et al.
- Evaluating sustainable intensification levels of dryland agriculture: A focus on Xinjiang, China J. Yu et al.
- Agricultural Water Use Efficiency and Driving Force Assessment to Improve Regional Productivity and Effectiveness X. Cao et al.
- Combined impacts of climate change and human activities on blue and green water resources in a high-intensity development watershed X. Tan et al.
- Adjustable Robust Optimization for Multi-Period Water Allocation in Droughts Under Uncertainty Y. Shuai & L. Yao
- Improve food, water, and economic benefits in China’s oases through crop switching P. Chen et al.
- Cropping pattern optimization for rainfed and irrigated lands in the Ghaenat and Zirkuh regions of Iran: A trade‐off between profit and water footprints H. Aboutorabi et al.
- Assessing the contribution of China's grain production during 2005–2020 from the perspective of the crop-water-land nexus X. Cao et al.
- Crop Production Allocations for Saving Water and Improving Calorie Supply in China Y. Liu et al.
- A coupled land use change-ecohydrological model for multi-seasonal arid agricultural systems: an Egyptian case study A. Sattar et al.
- Multi-dimensional evaluation of water footprint and implication for crop production: A case study in Hetao Irrigation District, China J. Yin et al.
- Economic analysis of water footprint for water management of rain-fed and irrigated almonds in Iran O. Bazrafshan et al.
- Risk transmission and driving factors of virtual water flows from the perspective of China's interregional water–energy–food trade S. Hong et al.
- Cropping pattern optimization considering water shadow price and virtual water flows: A case study of Yellow River Basin in China H. Huang et al.
- What is the potential to improve food security by restructuring crops in Northwest China? X. Liu et al.
- Comprehensive review of optimization and surrogate models for agricultural water resources and reservoir water management A. Kumari & T. Pathania
- Global expansion of sustainable irrigation limited by water storage R. Schmitt et al.
- Enhancing Food Production Through Modern Agricultural Technology K. Yu et al.
- Seeking sustainable pathway of crop production by optimizing planting structures and management practices from the perspective of water footprint X. Shi et al.
- Transboundary conflict from surface water scarcity under climate change R. Jiang et al.
- Crop switching can enhance environmental sustainability and farmer incomes in China W. Xie et al.
- Changing global cropping patterns to minimize national blue water scarcity H. Chouchane et al.
- Comprehensive analysis of water resources from the perspective of water footprint and water ecological footprint: a case study from Anyang City, China X. Ma & S. Jiao
- Regional blue and green water-saving potential and regulation paths for crop production: A case study in the Yellow River Basin Y. Duan et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 29 Apr 2026
Short summary
Previous studies on water saving through food trade focussed either on comparing water productivities among countries or on analysing food trade in relation to national water endowments. Here, we consider, for the first time, both differences in water productivities and water endowments to analyse national comparative advantages. Our study reveals that blue water scarcity can be reduced to sustainable levels by changing cropping patterns while maintaining current levels of global production.
Previous studies on water saving through food trade focussed either on comparing water...