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5. Global drought and severe drought-affected populations in 1.5 and 2 °C warmer worlds W. Liu et al. 10.5194/esd-9-267-2018
6. Potential socio-economic implications of future climate change and variability for Nigerien agriculture: A countrywide dynamic CGE-Microsimulation analysis J. Montaud et al. 10.1016/j.econmod.2017.02.005
7. Where Are African Agricultural Policies Heading and How Does this Influences Migration? P. Blížkovský 10.11118/actaun201765051631
8. On the Connection between Atmospheric Moisture Transport and Dry Conditions in Rainfall Climatological Zones of the Niger River Basin R. Sorí et al. 10.3390/w11030622
9. Response of vegetation to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) via compound dry and hot events in southern Africa Y. Hao et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103358
10. SAFE 2019: Updates and new sustainability findings worldwide E. Grigoroudis et al. 10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107072
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12. Revealing the spatio-temporal characteristics of drought in Mozambique and their relationship with large-scale climate variability R. Araneda-Cabrera et al. 10.1016/j.ejrh.2021.100938
13. Groundwater response to climate variability in Mediterranean type climate zones with comparisons of California (USA) and Portugal K. Malmgren et al. 10.1007/s10040-022-02470-z
14. Analyzing the Impact of Streamflow Drought on Hydroelectricity Production: A Global‐Scale Study W. Wan et al. 10.1029/2020WR028087
15. Effects of different reference periods on drought index (SPEI) estimations from 1901 to 2014 M. Um et al. 10.5194/hess-21-4989-2017
16. Assessment of drought using different tests and drought indices in Elazig, Turkey V. Kartal 10.2166/wst.2023.315
17. Droughts, state-citizen relations and support for political violence in Sub-Saharan Africa: A micro-level analysis A. Detges 10.1016/j.polgeo.2017.07.005
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21. Interannual to Multi-decadal streamflow variability in West and Central Africa: Interactions with catchment properties and large-scale climate variability M. Sidibe et al. 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.04.003
22. Evolutional characteristics of hydro-meteorological drought studied using standardized indices and wavelet analysis C. Gyamfi et al. 10.1007/s40808-019-00569-z
23. Spatial and temporal drought incidence analysis in the northeastern highlands of Ethiopia A. Mekonen et al. 10.1186/s40677-020-0146-4
24. Developing the role of legumes in West Africa under climate change R. Paliwal et al. 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.05.002
25. Modeling agricultural drought based on the earth observation-derived standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index and vegetation health index in the northeastern highlands of Ethiopia Z. Chere & D. Debalke 10.1007/s11069-023-06320-3
26. Past and future annual droughts in the five agro-ecological zones of Cameroon G. Guenang et al. 10.1007/s11600-023-01202-5
27. Investigation to the relation between meteorological drought and hydrological drought in the upper Shaying River Basin using wavelet analysis Q. Li et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.104743
28. Predicting affective and cognitive learning outcomes: A quantitative analysis using climate change vectors U. Ofem et al. 10.30935/ejsee/14405
29. The observed and model-simulated response of southern African vegetation to drought S. Lawal et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.107698
30. Spatio-temporal dynamics of drought in Zimbabwe between 1990 and 2020: a review O. Mupepi & M. Matsa 10.1007/s41324-021-00417-2
31. Reducing drought emergencies in the Horn of Africa E. Thomas et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138772
32. The Long-Term Impact of Multi-Season Droughts on Livestock Holdings and Pastoralist Decision-Making in Marsabit, Kenya M. Mauerman et al. 10.2139/ssrn.4103415
33. Spatio–temporal Assessment of Drought in Ethiopia and the Impact of Recent Intense Droughts Y. Liou & G. Mulualem 10.3390/rs11151828
34. Characterizing Cropland Patterns Across North‐East Africa Using Time Series Vegetation Indices S. Measho et al. 10.1029/2022JG007075
35. Modeling Boran cattle populations under climate change and varying carrying capacity S. Tuffa & A. Treydte 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.03.009
36. Analysis of the rainfall variability and change in the Republic of Benin (West Africa) Y. Ahokpossi 10.1080/02626667.2018.1554286
37. Analysis of long term drought severity characteristics and trends across semiarid Botswana using two drought indices J. Byakatonda et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.07.002
38. Indigenous African Orphan Legumes: Potential for Food and Nutrition Security in SSA M. Abberton et al. 10.3389/fsufs.2022.708124
39. Drought variability, changes and hot spots across the African continent during the historical period (1928–2017) M. Tall et al. 10.1002/joc.8293
40. Drought: A Common Environmental Disaster I. Orimoloye et al. 10.3390/atmos13010111
41. Review of Meteorological Drought in Africa: Historical Trends, Impacts, Mitigation Measures, and Prospects B. Ayugi et al. 10.1007/s00024-022-02988-z
42. Projection of meteorological droughts in Nigeria during growing seasons under climate change scenarios M. Shiru et al. 10.1038/s41598-020-67146-8
43. The characteristic of compound drought and saltwater intrusion events in the several major river estuaries worldwide D. Li et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119659
44. Drought and food security prediction from NOAA new generation of operational satellites F. Kogan et al. 10.1080/19475705.2018.1541257
45. Stacking Tolerance to Drought and Resistance to a Parasitic Weed in Tropical Hybrid Maize for Enhancing Resilience to Stress Combinations A. Menkir et al. 10.3389/fpls.2020.00166
46. Ecological shocks and children’s school attendance and farm work in Ghana E. Martey et al. 10.1016/j.wdp.2023.100529
47. Drought in Shanxi Province Based on Remote Sensing Drought Index Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Variation Characteristics Y. Xu et al. 10.3390/atmos14050799
48. Robustness of climate indices relevant for agriculture in Africa deduced from GCMs and RCMs against reanalysis and gridded observations D. Abel et al. 10.1007/s00382-023-06956-8
49. A framework for deriving drought indicators from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) H. Gerdener et al. 10.5194/hess-24-227-2020
50. Indices for daily temperature and precipitation in Madagascar, based on quality‐controlled and homogenized data, 1950–2018 L. Randriamarolaza et al. 10.1002/joc.7243
51. Land Use and Management Effects on Sustainable Sugarcane-Derived Bioenergy M. Cherubin et al. 10.3390/land10010072
52. Combating recurrent hazards: evidence from rural Lesotho and Eswatini – a qualitative study J. Kamara et al. 10.1080/17477891.2019.1614430
53. Modelling of Extremely High Rainfall in Limpopo Province of South Africa T. Sikhwari et al. 10.3390/cli10030033
54. An Assessment Of Moringa ( Moringa Oleifera ) Seed Extract on Water Use Efficiency and Physico-Biochemical Properties of Cancer Bush ( Sutherlandia Frutescens ) Under Deficit Irrigation D. Buthelezi et al. 10.2139/ssrn.4110822
55. The Impacts of Drought and the Adaptive Strategies of Small-Scale Farmers in uMsinga, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa S. Lottering et al. 10.1177/0021909620916898
56. A simple set of indices describing the Tropical Rain Belt over central and southern Africa G. Nikulin & B. Hewitson 10.1002/asl.946
57. Participation of communal cattle farmers in drought risk reduction in Southern Zimbabwe T. Ndlovu et al. 10.4102/jamba.v13i1.982
58. Sedimentary ancient DNA of rotifers reveals responses to 200 years of climate change in two Kenyan crater lakes M. Kyalo‐Omamo et al. 10.1111/fwb.14093
59. Robust Meteorological Drought Prediction Using Antecedent SST Fluctuations and Machine Learning J. Li et al. 10.1029/2020WR029413
60. A Modified Two-Parameter Monthly Water Balance Model for Runoff Simulation to Assess Hydrological Drought X. Hong et al. 10.3390/w14223715
61. Global change, parasite transmission and disease control: lessons from ecology J. Cable et al. 10.1098/rstb.2016.0088
62. Future changes of drought characteristics in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 Shared Socioeconomic Pathway scenarios over Central Asia H. Guo et al. 10.1002/joc.7450
63. Characterization of Meteorological Droughts Occurrences in Côte d’Ivoire: Case of the Sassandra Watershed . Santé et al. 10.3390/cli7040060
64. Projected Drought Events over West Africa Using RCA4 Regional Climate Model V. Ajayi & O. Ilori 10.1007/s41748-020-00153-x
65. Severe droughts in North Africa: A review of drivers, impacts and management M. Tanarhte et al. 10.1016/j.earscirev.2024.104701
66. Systematic analysis of the flash drought research: contribution, collaboration, and challenges A. Rahim et al. 10.1007/s00704-023-04584-0
67. Interceding role of institutional extension services on the livelihood impacts of drought tolerant maize technology adoption in Zimbabwe C. Makate & M. Makate 10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.09.011
68. Rainfall shocks and children’s school attendance: evidence from Uganda P. Agamile & D. Lawson 10.1080/13600818.2021.1895979
69. Drought characterization and severity analysis using GRACE-TWS and MODIS datasets: a case study from the Awash River Basin (ARB), Ethiopia Y. Getahun et al. 10.2166/wcc.2023.361
70. Defeating Fluorosis in the East African Rift Valley: Transforming the Kilimanjaro into a Rainwater Harvesting Park J. Marwa et al. 10.3390/su10114194
71. Contribution of edible indigenous woody plants as a coping strategy during drought periods in the southeast lowveld of Zimbabwe: a review R. Chinomona et al. 10.3389/fclim.2024.1339587
72. Water Use Efficiency‐Based Multiscale Assessment of Ecohydrological Resilience to Ecosystem Shifts Over the Continent of Africa During 1992–2015 A. Kayiranga et al. 10.1029/2020JG005749
73. Hydrological Drought Response to Meteorological Drought Propagation and Basin Characteristics (Case Study: Northwest of Algeria) A. Rahmouni et al. 10.3103/S1068373922090096
74. Analysis of return periods and return levels of Yearly July–September extreme droughts in the West African Sahel R. Chamani et al. 10.1007/s00382-018-4336-7
75. The effects of adaptation to climate change on income of households in rural Ethiopia M. Berhe et al. 10.1186/s13570-017-0084-2
76. Drought cascade lag time estimation across Africa based on remote sensing of hydrological cycle components A. Amazirh et al. 10.1016/j.advwatres.2023.104586
77. An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reconciling Historical Climate Observations and Impacts on Agriculture M. Mauerman et al. 10.1175/WCAS-D-22-0019.1
78. Projection of future drought characteristics in the Great South of Madagascar using CMIP6 and bias-correction spatial disaggregation method M. Rabezanahary Tanteliniaina & M. Andrianarimanana 10.1007/s00704-023-04727-3
79. Seasonal Forecasting of the Onset of the Rainy Season in West Africa M. Rauch et al. 10.3390/atmos10090528
80. Assessing multi-satellite remote sensing, reanalysis, and land surface models' products in characterizing agricultural drought in East Africa N. Agutu et al. 10.1016/j.rse.2017.03.041
81. Identification of Potential Drought Areas in West Africa Under Climate Change and Variability G. Quenum et al. 10.1007/s41748-019-00133-w
82. Impact of rainfall extremes on energy exchange and surface temperature anomalies across biomes in the Horn of Africa T. Abera et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.107779
83. Climate Change and (a Culture of) Cooperation in the World's Most Agricultural Countries. G. Benati & C. Guerriero 10.2139/ssrn.3912442
84. The newly merged satellite remotely sensed, gauge and reanalysis-based Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation: Evaluation over Australia and Africa (1981–2016) J. Awange et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.148
85. Adaptation Strategies and Farmer-led Agricultural Innovations to Climate Change in Mbire Districtof Zimbabwe P. Asare-Nuamah et al. 10.1177/0973005221999913
86. Can Famine Be Averted? A Spatiotemporal Assessment of The Impact of Climate Change on Food Security in The Luvuvhu River Catchment of South Africa G. Mukwada et al. 10.3390/land10050527
87. Application of the Standardised Streamflow Index for Hydrological Drought Monitoring in the Western Cape Province, South Africa: A Case Study in the Berg River Catchment M. Mukhawana et al. 10.3390/w15142530
88. Drought evolution in the NW Iberian Peninsula over a 60 year period (1960–2020) M. Lorenzo et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.127923
89. Changes in the severity of compound drought and hot extremes over global land areas Z. Hao et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/aaee96
90. Do we need more drought for better nutrition? The effect of precipitation on nutrient concentration in East African food crops S. Fischer et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.181
91. Study on Temporal Variations of Surface Temperature and Rainfall at Conakry Airport, Guinea: 1960–2016 R. Loua et al. 10.3390/cli7070093
92. Investigating relationship between drought severity in Botswana and ENSO J. Byakatonda et al. 10.1007/s11069-019-03810-1
93. Increasing pulse agrobiodiversity to improve food security and sustainable agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa P. Ngigi et al. 10.3389/fsufs.2022.948808
94. Africa and climate justice at COP27 and beyond: impacts and solutions through an interdisciplinary lens J. Williams et al. 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.000062
95. Contextualizing the Seasonal Livelihoods Programming Tool in Drought Resilience Planning Settings: Experiences from Southern Zimbabwe T. Ndlovu & S. Mamba 10.2139/ssrn.4110994
96. A pan-African high-resolution drought index dataset J. Peng et al. 10.5194/essd-12-753-2020
97. A national-scale drought assessment in Uganda based on evapotranspiration deficits from the Bouchet hypothesis C. Kyatengerwa et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124348
98. Global droughts connected by linkages between drought hubs S. Mondal et al. 10.1038/s41467-022-35531-8
99. Investigating the effect of improved drought events extraction method on spatiotemporal characteristics of drought R. Zhang et al. 10.1007/s00704-021-03838-z
100. Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Drought and Impact on Vegetation in North and West Africa Based on Multi-Satellite Data M. Henchiri et al. 10.3390/rs12233869
101. Drivers of drought-induced shifts in the water balance through a Budyko approach T. Maurer et al. 10.5194/hess-26-589-2022
102. Water Availability of São Francisco River Basin Based on a Space-Borne Geodetic Sensor T. Sun et al. 10.3390/w8050213
103. Maize yield response, nitrogen use efficiency and financial returns to fertilizer on smallholder farms in southern Africa B. Jama et al. 10.1007/s12571-017-0674-2
104. The Symbiosis Effect of Mycorrhizal Fungi and Nano-fertilizers on Qualitative and Quantitative Traits, Biochemical Characteristics and Water Use Efficiency of Mung Bean Under Water Stress Conditions M. Abbasi et al. 10.1007/s10343-022-00640-3
105. Fuzzy AHP Integrated with GIS Analyses for Drought Risk Assessment: A Case Study from Upper Phetchaburi River Basin, Thailand S. Wijitkosum & T. Sriburi 10.3390/w11050939
106. A Concise Appraisal of Cameroon’s Hazard Risk Profile: Multi-Hazard Inventories, Causes, Consequences and Implications for Disaster Management H. Bang 10.3390/geohazards3010004
107. Remote-sensing estimation of the water stress coefficient and comparison with drought evidence N. Abid et al. 10.1080/01431161.2018.1430917
108. Identifying drivers of streamflow extremes in West Africa to inform a nonstationary prediction model K. Chun et al. 10.1016/j.wace.2021.100346
109. Effects of drought stress on grain yield, agronomic performance, and heterosis of marker-based improved provitamin-A maize synthetics and their hybrids I. Iseghohi et al. 10.1080/15427528.2021.1949772
110. No safety net in the face of climate change: The case of pastoralists in Kunene Region, Namibia E. Inman et al. 10.1371/journal.pone.0238982
111. Better before worse trajectories in food systems? An investigation of synergies and trade-offs through climate-smart agriculture and system dynamics R. Jagustović et al. 10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103131
112. Climate change adaptation through agroforestry: The case of Kassena Nankana West District, Ghana I. Apuri et al. 10.1016/j.envdev.2018.09.002
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114. Climate and agriculture: empirical evidence for countries and agroecological zones of the Sahel O. Yobom & J. Le Gallo 10.1080/00036846.2021.1970710
115. Trends and Extremes of Drought Episodes in Vietnam Sub-Regions during 1980–2017 at Different Timescales M. Stojanovic et al. 10.3390/w12030813
116. Rediscovery of the endemic Afrotropical genus Spathioplites (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) with major range extension records for Spathioplites phreneticus S. van Noort et al. 10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.74103
117. Combined Effects of Drought and Soil Fertility on the Synthesis of Vitamins in Green Leafy Vegetables T. Park et al. 10.3390/agriculture13050984
118. Trade and competitiveness of African sugar exports J. Mabeta & L. Smutka 10.3389/fsufs.2023.1304383
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120. Mauritania’s internal migration dynamics and trends in response to rainfall variability and change1 M. El Vilaly et al. 10.3233/SJI-210815
121. Spatiotemporal variation of drought in Iraq for shared socioeconomic pathways M. Hamed et al. 10.1007/s00477-022-02343-7
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126. Effects of Drought and Low Nitrogen Stress on Provitamin A Carotenoid Content of Biofortified Maize Hybrids Y. Ortiz‐Covarrubias et al. 10.2135/cropsci2019.02.0100
127. Multi-dimensional assessment of drought vulnerability in Africa: 1960–2100 A. Ahmadalipour & H. Moradkhani 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.023
128. Water governance challenges in rural South Africa: exploring institutional coordination in drought management E. Makaya et al. 10.2166/wp.2020.234
129. Effects of drought on cultural tourism: selected cases of Maasai tourism groups surrounding Tarangire National Park in Tanzania N. Lwoga & E. Asubisye 10.1080/14766825.2016.1261147
130. Assessing the link between Atlantic Niño 1 and drought over West Africa using CORDEX regional climate models M. Adeniyi & K. Dilau 10.1007/s00704-016-2018-0
131. Evaluation of the impact of climate change on the characteristics of drought in Sahel Region of Nigeria: 1971–2060 A. Ogunrinde et al. 10.1080/19376812.2020.1814826
132. Do Satellite Data Correlate with In Situ Rainfall and Smallholder Crop Yields? Implications for Crop Insurance W. Masiza et al. 10.3390/su14031670
133. Temporal and spatial analysis of meteorological drought characteristics in the upper Blue Nile river region M. Khadr 10.2166/nh.2016.194
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144. Associations of inter-annual rainfall decreases with subsequent HIV outcomes for persons with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Southern Africa: a collaborative analysis of cohort studies A. Trickey et al. 10.1186/s12879-023-08902-9
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153. An appraisal of investment vehicles in the Tanzania's electricity sector D. Peng & R. Poudineh 10.1016/j.jup.2017.09.002
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