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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">HESSD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">HESSD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1812-2116</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/hess-2023-311</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Assessment of Hydrology Estimates from ERA5 Reanalyses in Benin (West Africa)&amp;nbsp;</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bodjrenou</surname>
<given-names>Rene</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1956-7133</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sintondji</surname>
<given-names>Luc Ollivier</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>M’Po N’Tcha</surname>
<given-names>Yekambessun</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Germain</surname>
<given-names>Diane</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Azonwade</surname>
<given-names>Francis Esse</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bossa</surname>
<given-names>Aymar Yaovi</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sohindji</surname>
<given-names>Silvère Fernand</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hounnou</surname>
<given-names>Gilbert</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Amouzouvi</surname>
<given-names>Edid</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kpognin</surname>
<given-names>Arthur Freud Segnon</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Laboratoire d’Hydrologie Appliquée (LHA), Institut National de l’Eau (INE), Benin</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Laboratoire d’Hydraulique et de Maîtrise de l’Eau (LHME- INE), Benin</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>DG Environnement, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Direction Générale de l’Eau (DGEau), Bénin</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Centre of Eco-Education and Valorization of Vegetables (CEEVaL-Benin), Benin Republic</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>Direction Départementale de l’Eau, Energie et Mine (DDEEM-Mono), Bénin</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
<addr-line>Faculté d’Agronomie de l’Université de Parakou (FA-UP), Bénin</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>24</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2024</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>23</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2024 Rene Bodjrenou et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2024</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://hess.copernicus.org/preprints/hess-2023-311/">This article is available from https://hess.copernicus.org/preprints/hess-2023-311/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://hess.copernicus.org/preprints/hess-2023-311/hess-2023-311.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://hess.copernicus.org/preprints/hess-2023-311/hess-2023-311.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>In West Africa, the validation of distributed models is limited by the quality and availability of point station data measured in-situ. ERA5 is a climate reanalysis produced by European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and suggested to overcome this constraint. This study assessed and compared over the Benin basins at spatial and monthly time scale, the quality of ERA5 and its variant ERA5-Land (namely LAND). ERA5 relies on the single-levels version with 0.25&amp;deg; x 0.25&amp;deg; resolution while LAND is the land surface version with 0.1&amp;deg; x 0.1&amp;deg; resolution. Four variables were collected including runoff, evapotranspiration (ETR), water table depth (WTD), and soil water content (SWC). Point station data were analyzed using the correlation performance evaluators, Mean Absolute Error (m) and Relative Mean Absolute Error (r). The results showed that LAND simulates well the peaks of mean runoff. It showed the best runoff performance in terms of correlation (~0.61) compared with ERA5 (correlation ~0.49). Both reanalysis showed high correlations (generally &amp;gt; 0.80) for SWC, but the correlations obtained from ETR are slightly lower (ERA5~0.58 vs. ERA5-Land~0.54). Correlations were below 0.5 on both reanalyses for WTD with slight overestimation (m=4.73 m for ERA5 vs. m=3.13 m for LAND). This study does not identify any reanalysis that is better than another, both spatially and monthly scale. Nevertheless, this study indicated that the choice of reanalyses must rely on their performance and the given water cycle element. Correcting the variables of these reanalysis could also improve their performance.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="23"/></counts>
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