HESS Hydrology and Earth System Sciences HESS Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 1607-7938 Copernicus Publications Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/hess-7-213-2003 Extent of partial ice cover due to carbon cycle feedback in a zonal energy balance model Huntingford C. 1 5 Hargreaves J. C. 2 3 Lenton T. M. 4 Annan J. D. 3 2 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology,Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK Frontier Research System for Global Change, 3173-25 Showa-machi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama-shi,Kanagawa, 236-0001, Japan Also at Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory,Bidston Observatory, Prenton, Merseyside, CH43 7RA, UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Edinburgh Research Station, Bush Estate, Penicuik,Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK Email for corresponding author: chg@ceh.ac.uk 30 04 2003 7 2 213 219 Copyright: © 2003 C. Huntingford et al. 2003 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 Generic License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ This article is available from https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/7/213/2003/hess-7-213-2003.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/7/213/2003/hess-7-213-2003.pdf

A global carbon cycle is introduced into a zonally averaged energy balance climate model. The physical model components are similar to those of Budyko (1969) and Sellers (1969). The new carbon components account for atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and the terrestrial and oceanic storage of carbon. Prescribing values for the sum of these carbon components, it is found that inclusion of a closed carbon cycle reduces the range of insolation over which stable partial ice cover solutions may occur. This highly simplified climate model also predicts that the estimated release of carbon from fossil fuel burning over the next hundred years could result in the eventual melting of the ice sheets.</p> <p style="line-height: 20px;"><b>Keywords: </b>climate, carbon cycle,zonal model, earth system modelling