References

HESS

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences

HESS

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

1607-7938

Copernicus Publications

Göttingen, Germany

10.5194/hess-15-533-2011

Past terrestrial water storage (1980–2008) in the Amazon Basin reconstructed from GRACE and in situ river gauging data

Becker

¹ Meyssignac

¹ Xavier

¹ ² Cazenave

¹ Alkama

³ Decharme

LEGOS/GOHS, UMR 5566/CNES/CNRS/UPS/IRD, Toulouse, France

COPPE/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Météo-France, CNRS, GAME, CNRM/GMGEC/UDC, Toulouse, France

09 02 2011

15 2 533 546

2011

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

This article is available from https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/15/533/2011/hess-15-533-2011.html

The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/15/533/2011/hess-15-533-2011.pdf

Terrestrial water storage (TWS) composed of surface waters, soil moisture, groundwater and snow where appropriate, is a key element of global and continental water cycle. Since 2002, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) space gravimetry mission provides a new tool to measure large-scale TWS variations. However, for the past few decades, direct estimate of TWS variability is accessible from hydrological modeling only. Here we propose a novel approach that combines GRACE-based TWS spatial patterns with multi-decadal-long in situ river level records, to reconstruct past 2-D TWS over a river basin. Results are presented for the Amazon Basin for the period 1980–2008, focusing on the interannual time scale. Results are compared with past TWS estimated by the global hydrological model ISBA-TRIP. Correlations between reconstructed past interannual TWS variability and known climate forcing modes over the region (e.g., El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation) are also estimated. This method offers new perspective for improving our knowledge of past interannual TWS in world river basins where natural climate variability (as opposed to direct anthropogenic forcing) drives TWS variations.

References 1

Alkama, R., Decharme, B., Douville, H., Becker, M., Cazenave, A., Sheffield, J., Voldoire, A., Tyteca, S., and Le Moigne, P.: Global evaluation of the ISBA-TRIP continental hydrologic system, Part 1: a two-fold constraint using GRACE terrestrial water storage estimates and in situ river discharges, J. Hydrometeorol., 11, 583 - 600, 2010.

Alsdorf, D. E., Melack, J. M., Dunne, T., Mertes, L. A. K., Hess, L. L., and Smith, L. C.: Interferometric radar measurements of water level changes on the Amazon floodplain, Nature, 404, 174–177, 2000.

Alsdorf, D. E., Rodriguez, E., and Lettenmaier, D. P.: Measuring surface water from space, Rev. Geophys., 45, 1–24, 2007.

Bettadpur, S.: CSR Level-2 Processing Standards Document for Product Release 04, GRACE 327-742, The GRACE Project, Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin, 2007.

Bruinsma, S., Lemoine, J.-M., Biancale, R., and Vales, N.: CNES/GRGS 10-day gravity field models (release 2) and their evaluation, Adv. Space Res., 45, 587–601, 2009.

Calafat, F. M. and Gomis, D.: Reconstruction of Mediterranean sea level fields for the period 1945–2000, Global Planet. Change, 66, 225–235, 2009.

Chambers, D. P.: Evaluation of new GRACE time-variable gravity data over the ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L17603, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006GL027296">https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL027296</a>, 2006.

Chambers, D. P., Mehlhaff, C. A., Urban, T. J., Fujii, D., and Nerem, R.: S. Low-frequency variations in global mean sea level: 1950–2000, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 3026, 2002.

Chen, J. L., Wilson, C. R., Famiglietti, J. S., and Rodell, M.: Attenuation Effects on Seasonal Basin-Scale Water Storage Change From GRACE Time-Variable Gravity, J. Geodesy, 81(4), 237–245, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00190-006-0104-2">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-006-0104-2</a>, 2007.

Chen, J. L., Wilson, C. R., Tapley, B. D., Yang, Z. L., and Niu, G. Y.: 2005 drought event in the Amazon River basin as measured by GRACE and estimated by climate models, J. Geophys. Res., 114, B05404, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006056">https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006056</a>, 2009.

Church, J. A., White, N. J., Coleman, R., Lambeck, K., and Mitrovica, J. X.: Estimates of the regional distribution of sea level rise over the 1950–2000 period, J. Climate, 17, 2609–2625, 2004.

Clarke, R. T.: Uncertainty in the estimation of mean annual flood due to rating-curve in definition, J. Hydrol., 22(1–4), 185–190, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00097-9">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00097-9</a>, 1999.

Decharme, B. and Douville, H.: Global validation of the ISBA sub-grid hydrology, Clim. Dynam., 29, 21–37, 2007.

Decharme, B., Alkama, R., Douville, H., Becker, M., and Cazenave, A.: Global Evaluation of the ISBA-TRIP Continental Hydrological System, Part II: Uncertainties in River Routing Simulation Related to Flow Velocity and Groundwater Storage, J. Hydrometeorol., 11, 601–617, 2010.

Döll, P., Kaspar, F., and Lehner, B.: A global hydrological model for deriving water availability indicators: model tuning and validation, J. Hydrol., 270, 105–134, 2003.

Espinoza Villar, J. C., Ronchail, J., Guyot, J. L., Cochonneau, G., Naziano, F., Lavado, W., De Oliveira, E., Pombosa, R., and Vauchel, P.: Spatio-temporal rainfall variability in the Amazon basin countries (Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Colombia, and Ecuador), Int. J. Climatol., 29(11), 1574–1594, 2009.

Flechtner, F.: GFZ Level-2 Processing Standards Document for Product Release 04, GRACE, Department 1: Geodesy and Remote Sensing, GeoForschungszentrum Potsdam, Flechtner, 2007.

Frappart, F., Papa, F., Famiglietti, J. S., Prigent, C., Rossow, W. B., and Seyler, F.: Interannual variations of river water storage from a multiple satellite approach: A case study for the Rio Negro River basin, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D21104, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009438">https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009438</a>, 2008.

Gutzler, D. S., Kann, D. M., and Thornbrugh, C.: Modulation of ENSO-based long-lead outlooks of southwestern US winter precipitation by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Weather Forecast., 17, 1163–1172, 2002.

Kaplan, A., Kushnir, Y., and Cane, M. A.: Reduced space optimal interpolation of historical marine sea level pressure: 1854–1992, J. Climate, 13, 2987–3002, 2000.

Klees, R., Zapreeva, E. A., Winsemius, H. C., and Savenije, H. H. G.: The bias in GRACE estimates of continental water storage variations, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 1227–1241, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-1227-2007">https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-1227-2007</a>, 2007.

Klees, R., Liu, X., Wittwer, T., Gunter, B. C., Revtova, E. A., Tenze, R., Ditmar, P., Winsemius, H. C., and Savenije, H. H. G.: A comparison of global and regional GRACE models for land hydrology, Surv. Geophys., 29, 335–359, 2008.

Lemoine, J. M., Bruinsma, S., Loyer, S., Biancale, R., Marty, J. C., Perosanz, F., and Balmino, G.: Temporal gravity field models inferred from GRACE data, Adv. Space Res., 39(10), 1620–1629, 2007.

Liu, J. and Yang H.: Spatially explicit assessment of global consumptive water uses in cropland: green and blue water, J. Hydrol., 384, 187–197, 2010.

Liu, J., Zehnder, A. J. B., and Yang, H.: Global consumptive water use for crop production: The importance of green water and virtual water, Water Resour. Res., 45, W05428, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006051">https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006051</a>, 2009.

Llovel, W., Cazenave, A., Rogel, P., Lombard, A., and Nguyen, M. B.: Two-dimensional reconstruction of past sea level (1950�-2003) from tide gauge data and an Ocean General Circulation Model, Clim. Past, 5, 217–227, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-5-217-2009">https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-5-217-2009</a>, 2009.

Longuevergne, L., Scanlon, B. R., and Wilson, C. R.: GRACE Hydrological estimates for small basins: Evaluating processing approaches on the High Plains Aquifer, USA, Water Resour. Res., 46, W11517, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009WR008564">https://doi.org/10.1029/2009WR008564</a>, 2010.

Mantua, N. J., Hare, S. R., Zhang, Y., Wallace, J. M., and Francis, R. C.: A Pacific interdecadal climate oscillation with impacts on salmon production, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 78, 1069–1079, 1997.

Marengo, J. A.: Interannual variability of surface climate in the Amazon basin, Int. J. Climatol., 12, 853–863, 1992.

Marengo, J. A.: Interdecadal variability and trends of rainfall across the Amazon basin, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 78, 79–96, 2004.

Marengo, J. A., Nobre, C. A., Tomasella, J., Oyama, M. D., Sampaio de Oliveira, G., de Oliveira, R., Camargo, H., Alves, L. M., and Brown, I. F.: The drought of Amazonia in 2005, J. Climate, 21, 495–516, 2008.

Masuda, K., Hashimoto, Y., Matsuyama, H., and Oki, T.: Seasonal cycle of water storage in major river basins of the world, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 3215–3218, 2001.

McCabe, G. J. and Dettinger, M. D.: Decadal variations in the strength of ENSO teleconnections with precipitation in the western United States, Int. J. Climatol., 19, 1399–1410, 1999.

Milly, P. C. D. and Shmakin, A. B.: Global modeling of land water and energy balances, Part I: The Land Dynamics (LaD) model, J. Hydrometeorol., 3, 283–299, 2002.

Molinier, M., Ronchail, J., Guyot, J. L., Cochonneau, G., Guimaraes, V., and de Oliveira, E.: Hydrological variability in the Amazon drainage basin and African tropical basins, Hydrol. Process., 23, 3245–3252, 2009.

Noilhan, J. and Planton, S.: A simple parameterization of land surface processes for meteorological models, Mon. Weather Rev., 117, 536–549, 1989.

Oki, T. and Sud, Y.: Design of the global river channel network for Total Runoff Integrating Pathways (TRIP), Earth Interact., 2, 1–36, 1998.

Preisendorfer, R. W.: Principal Component Analysis in Meteorology and Oceanography, New York, 1–455, 1988.

Ramillien, G., Bouhours, S., Lombard, A., Cazenave, A., Flechtner, F., and Schmidt, R.: Land water storage contribution to sea level from GRACE geoid data over 2003–2006, Global Planet. Change, 60, 381–392, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.04.002">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2007.04.002</a>, 2008.

Rodell, M. and Famiglietti, J. S.: Detectability of variations in continental water storage from satellite observations of the time dependent gravity field, Water Resour. Res. 35, 2705–2724, 1999.

Rodell, M., Houser, P. R., Jambor, U., Gottschalck, J., Mitchell, K., Meng, C. J., Arsenault, K., Cosgrove, B., Radakovich, J., and Bosilovich, M.: The global land data assimilation system, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 85, 381–394, 2004.

Rodell, M., Velicogna, I., and Famiglietti, J. S.: Satellite-based estimates of groundwater depletion in India, Nature, 460, 999–1002, 2009.

Ronchail, J., Cochonneau, G., Moloinier, M., Guyot, J. L., Goretti de Miranda Chaves, A., Guimaraes, V., and De Oliveira, E.: Interannual rainfall variability in the Amazon basin and sea-surface temperatures in the equatorial Pacific and the tropical Atlantic Oceans, Int. J. Climatol., 22, 1663–1686, 2002.

Rosner, B.: On the detection of many outliers, Technometrics, 17, 221–227, 1975.

Rowlands, D. D., Ray, R. D., Chinn, D. S., and Lemoine, F. G.: Short-arc analysis of intersatellite tracking data in a gravity mapping mission, J. Geodesy, 76, 307–316, 2002.

Rudolf, B.: The Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, WMO Bull., 44, 77–78, 1995.

Schmidt, R., Flechtner, F., Meyer, U., Neumayer, K. H., Dahle, Ch., Konig, R., and Kushe, J.: Hydrological signals observed by the GRACE satellites, Surv. Geophys., 29, 319–334, 2008.

Shiklomanov, A. I., Lammers, R. B., and Vorosmarty, C. J.: Widespread decline in hydrological monitoring threatens, Pan-Arctic research, EOS Transact. AGU, 83, 13–16, 2002.

Smith, T. M. and Reynolds, R. W.: Extended reconstruction of global sea surface temperatures based on COADS data (1854–1997), J. Climate, 16, 1495–1510, 2003.

Tapley, B. D., Bettadpur, S., Watkins, M., and Reigber, C.: The gravity recovery and climate experiment: Mission overview and early results, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L09607, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019920">https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019920</a>, 2004.

Tiwari, V. M., Wahr, J., and Swenson, S.: Dwindling groundwater resources in northern India, from satellite gravity observations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L18401, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009GL039401">https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL039401</a>, 2009.

Toumazou, V. and Cretaux, J. F.: Using a Lanczos eigensolver in the computation of Empirical Orthogonal Functions, Mon. Weather Rev., 129, 1243–1250, 2001.

Vaz De Almeida, F. : Study of the temporal variations of the terrestrial gravitational field from the GRACE mission data: Application in the Amazonian basin, Ph.D. thesis, University of São Paulo, Brazil, 2009.

Wahr, J., Swenson, S., Zlotnicki, V., and Velicogna, I.: Time-variable gravity from GRACE: First results, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L11501, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019779">https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019779</a>, 2004.

Xavier, L., Becker, M., Cazenave, A., Longuevergne, L., Llovel, W., and Rotunno Filho, O. C.: Interannual variability in water storage over 2003–2008 in the Amazon Basin from GRACE space gravimetry, in situ river level and precipitation data, Remote Sens. Environ., 114, 1629–1637, 2010.

Zeng, N.: Seasonal cycle and interannual variability in the Amazon hydrologic cycle, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 104, 9097–9106, 1999.

Zeng, N., Yoon, J. H., Mariotti, A., and Swenson, S.: Variability of basin-scale terrestrial water storage from a PER water budget method: The Amazon and the Mississippi, J. Climate, 21, 248–265, 2008.